一、以種業(ye)視角(jiao),需(xu)求(qiu)什么樣的育種者(zhe)?
(一)有責任心(xin),保質(zhi)保量(liang)完成工作
種(zhong)(zhong)業需求強(qiang)責任心強(qiang)的(de)育種(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe),對科研育種(zhong)(zhong)目標和(he)節點要明確,不(bu)拈輕怕重,遇(yu)到困難和(he)問(wen)題(ti)會想法克(ke)服,不(bu)推諉且能(neng)正確看待工作(zuo)中出現問(wen)題(ti),為種(zhong)(zhong)業能(neng)多做“實事(shi)”,跟隨(sui)種(zhong)(zhong)業不(bu)斷(duan)自我(wo)提高和(he)進步(bu)。
玉米育(yu)種(zhong),容(rong)易受季節、環境、人(ren)為等條(tiao)件影響,一年(nian)內(nei)可種(zhong)植選育(yu)次數有(you)(you)限,稍(shao)有(you)(you)不慎,一錯就是一年(nian),甚至好幾年(nian)的科研心(xin)血(xue)全(quan)化為烏(wu)有(you)(you)。只有(you)(you)責任心(xin)強的育(yu)種(zhong)者,才能保質保量(liang)完成工作(zuo)。
種業不需要難以實現的“理論者”,種業需要的是全能的育種者,要有豐富的育種實踐知識,還要對農業氣象、植物栽培、植物病理、田間管理、人員管理、人才培(pei)養(yang)等,都有著一定的了解(jie)和掌握。只有全(quan)能育(yu)種者,才(cai)(cai)能圓滿完(wan)成科研育(yu)種各項工作,還可(ke)以為種業持續培(pei)養(yang)和輸(shu)送人才(cai)(cai)。
(二)德行兼(jian)備,職(zhi)業素養高,維護種業利益
種業需要德行兼備育種者(zhe),言行舉止大方得(de)體,品德高(gao)尚,做(zuo)事有(you)原則(ze),做(zuo)人有(you)底(di)線,懂感(gan)恩(en),能(neng)回報。
育種者要有良好的職業操守,不能為了一點點利益去損害種業或同行育種者的利益。比如:個別育種者非法盜用育種同行的自交系,損害種業同行利益;個別育種者拿著種業研發資金,選育出的優良自交系、組合或品種,偷賣給其它種業公司,損害所(suo)任職種(zhong)業公司的利益;個別育(yu)種(zhong)者品(pin)德敗壞(huai),惡意抹黑種(zhong)業或育(yu)種(zhong)同行,造成負面影響。
玉米育(yu)(yu)種作農業育(yu)(yu)種的一個分支,是造(zao)福萬(wan)民、積功積德的高尚職業。因此(ci),想(xiang)做(zuo)育(yu)(yu)種,先學做(zuo)人。
(三)忠誠(cheng)種業,低薪高能
種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)需求(qiu)忠誠于公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)者(zhe)。有近半的(de)(de)(de)(de)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)者(zhe),是種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)花費很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)精力(li)、時間、物力(li)、財(cai)力(li)從零培養(yang)出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)這(zhe)里面,只有極(ji)少數育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)者(zhe),在(zai)種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)大力(li)支持下,又通過自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)努力(li),逐步成為(wei)行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尖端人才(cai),成為(wei)種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)不可缺(que)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)左膀右(you)臂。
種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)培養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)育種(zhong)者,在(zai)(zai)(zai)未做(zuo)出一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)成就前,拿(na)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)薪(xin)(xin)水一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)會(hui)低(di)于同行(xing)很多(duo),這點(dian)是(shi)可(ke)(ke)以理(li)解,畢竟,種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)培養(yang)你的(de)(de)(de)花費(fei)的(de)(de)(de)成本是(shi)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高(gao)(gao)于你自身價值。拿(na)低(di)薪(xin)(xin)做(zuo)大量的(de)(de)(de)事,久(jiu)了,育種(zhong)者容易(yi)心生不滿。坦蕩豁達(da)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)會(hui)和種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)進行(xing)良好(hao)溝通,說出需(xu)求,即使種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)無法滿足需(xu)求,也會(hui)感念種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)當初培養(yang)自己(ji)所(suo)做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)付出,繼續留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)盡職盡責(ze)工作(zuo),等以后有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)成就,種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)待(dai)遇;自私狹隘的(de)(de)(de)人(ren),開始(shi)動“歪腦(nao)筋”,做(zuo)法也有(you)差異,在(zai)(zai)(zai)此不多(duo)敘述;還有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)另謀高(gao)(gao)就,憑借(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)身本事在(zai)(zai)(zai)新公(gong)(gong)司(si)拿(na)到(dao)高(gao)(gao)待(dai)遇,現實卻是(shi),你想在(zai)(zai)(zai)新公(gong)(gong)司(si)獲得信任(ren)和重用,還需(xu)做(zuo)出很大努力,并且還要一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)時間才可(ke)(ke)實現。
越來(lai)越多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)意識(shi)到(dao)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工作和育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)才的重要性,為了防止(zhi)人(ren)員流失或職業(ye)(ye)操守不當而造(zao)成重大損失,該崗位一(yi)般(ban)(ban)會選(xuan)用(yong)“親或熟兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)”。這兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)相對比(bi)“生人(ren)”可靠,一(yi)般(ban)(ban)不會輕易(yi)做(zuo)出損害種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)自身利益的事,即使要離開種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye),也會完成正常交(jiao)接手(shou)續。
當然(ran),也有一(yi)些種(zhong)(zhong)業老板,大格局、善識(shi)(shi)人(ren)、信任人(ren)、敢用人(ren),前提(ti)育種(zhong)(zhong)者是(shi)“千里馬”,值得(de)被賞(shang)識(shi)(shi)和(he)重用。因此,對有理想(xiang)、有抱(bao)負、無人(ren)脈(mo)的育種(zhong)(zhong)者,想(xiang)要(yao)(yao)獲得(de)認可,要(yao)(yao)踏實(shi)學習,努力(li)工作,安分守己,德行兼修,忠誠種(zhong)(zhong)業,這樣的人(ren)才,終(zhong)究有一(yi)天會被發(fa)掘(jue)、賞(shang)識(shi)(shi)和(he)重用,實(shi)現自己理想(xiang)和(he)抱(bao)負。
(四)共進(jin)共退(tui),快育良(liang)種(zhong),能幫助種(zhong)業獲取更多經(jing)濟效益
在《農業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)與金融(rong)雜志》上(shang)看到,據不(bu)完全統(tong)計(ji):目前國(guo)內經營玉米的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)公司5000多(duo)家,有(you)一(yi)定(ding)規模,育、繁、推一(yi)體(ti)化的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)1800多(duo)家。從(cong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)規模上(shang)看,我國(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)普遍(bian)以(yi)中小企(qi)業(ye)(ye)為主,缺乏國(guo)際(ji)競爭優勢,“內卷嚴重”。2022年,我國(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)人(ren)員數量(liang)排名前種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye),研(yan)(yan)發(fa)人(ren)員數量(liang)分別為2822人(ren)、457人(ren)、244人(ren)、213人(ren)、162人(ren),與國(guo)際(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)巨頭科(ke)研(yan)(yan)團(tuan)隊上(shang)萬人(ren)的大規模相差甚遠。這些(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)主營業(ye)(ye)務以(yi)國(guo)內市場為主,導致很多(duo)中小企(qi)業(ye)(ye)勉(mian)強維持生計(ji),發(fa)展(zhan)艱難(nan)。
一(yi)些目光(guang)(guang)長遠的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye),意識到科(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性(xing)。在(zai)對外(wai)(wai)合(he)(he)作(zuo)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),同時也組建自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)團隊(dui)(dui)。中小型企業(ye)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)團隊(dui)(dui)8-10人(ren)(ren)就屬于(yu)大規模(mo),普遍以3-5人(ren)(ren)居多(duo),甚至個別種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)只有(you)1-2人(ren)(ren),科(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬于(yu)“燒錢不一(yi)定有(you)回(hui)報(bao)的(de)(de)(de)長期投(tou)資”,科(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)團隊(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)數(shu)主要(yao)取(qu)決于(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)經濟(ji)實(shi)力和(he)戰(zhan)略眼光(guang)(guang)。對外(wai)(wai)與高等院校、知名(ming)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)院所、國內外(wai)(wai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)、民間育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)家等合(he)(he)作(zuo),對外(wai)(wai)合(he)(he)作(zuo)好處(chu)(chu),能快(kuai)速買到好的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或組合(he)(he),迅速投(tou)放市場。弊端(duan)也明(ming)顯,優劣很(hen)難把控,需要(yao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)去挖掘和(he)規避。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)組建研(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)團隊(dui)(dui),是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期戰(zhan)略,好處(chu)(chu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)可根據自(zi)身需求來制定育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)目標(biao),通過數(shu)十年(nian)或幾代人(ren)(ren)努力,實(shi)現商業(ye)化(hua)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),培育(yu)出具有(you)自(zi)主特色的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。弊端(duan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)周期長,經濟(ji)持續性(xing)投(tou)入大,投(tou)資不一(yi)定有(you)理想回(hui)報(bao)。有(you)自(zi)主研(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)團隊(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye),最大的(de)(de)(de)好處(chu)(chu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不會被外(wai)(wai)界“卡脖(bo)子(zi)”,走的(de)(de)(de)更長遠。未來對外(wai)(wai)合(he)(he)作(zuo)+自(zi)主研(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa),兩(liang)條腿走路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式,將(jiang)成(cheng)為種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢(shi)。
種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)希望育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者與種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)共進退,用智(zhi)慧和努(nu)力(li),快速(su)選(xuan)育(yu)出讓種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)能轉化經濟效益和社會(hui)效益的好品種(zhong)(zhong)。只有種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)持續(xu)性(xing)盈利,育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者才(cai)會(hui)有平臺(tai)施展才(cai)華和抱負!
      二、從育種者視角,什么是最理想的種業?
      (一(yi))渴望企業對育種所從事的工作(zuo)環節(jie)有一(yi)定認知
玉(yu)米是(shi)喜(xi)熱作(zuo)(zuo)物,生(sheng)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)期100-120天(tian)左右。從播種(zhong)(zhong)開始,中小種(zhong)(zhong)業的育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)工作(zuo)(zuo)都(dou)比較忙碌,前期需抓出苗、提升管(guan)理質(zhi)量、關鍵數據(ju)調(diao)查,中期需提高套(tao)(tao)袋與(yu)授粉(fen)質(zhi)量,后期需嚴把關與(yu)評選(xuan)、收(shou)獲測(ce)產、數據(ju)綜合整理與(yu)分析(xi)等。玉(yu)米育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)工作(zuo)(zuo)性質(zhi)上,加班(ban)加點(dian)是(shi)常(chang)態(tai)。育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)家(jia)們,雖不全參與(yu)整體工作(zuo)(zuo),但(dan)對(dui)一(yi)些關鍵的節點(dian)會主持進行,比如:播種(zhong)(zhong)計劃制定、套(tao)(tao)袋與(yu)自交、測(ce)交和改良計劃制定及實施、關鍵性狀數據(ju)調(diao)查、田間(jian)評選(xuan)、數據(ju)整理與(yu)分析(xi)等,這(zhe)些是(shi)最(zui)勞心勞力的工作(zuo)(zuo)。因此,我們所(suo)見(jian)到的育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)家(jia)或重(zhong)要崗位任職(zhi)的育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者,往往都(dou)是(shi)早生(sheng)白(bai)發!
對于有(you)責任心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)育種(zhong)者(zhe),在(zai)工作中的(de)(de)(de)每個環節點,都(dou)認真對待,確保不(bu)出錯。育種(zhong)者(zhe)整個季(ji)節都(dou)要(yao)面臨(lin)高溫35℃左右(you)天氣(qi),特別是在(zai)套袋(dai)和(he)授(shou)粉時(shi),和(he)天斗,和(he)時(shi)間賽跑,身體出現不(bu)適時(shi),全靠喝藿(huo)香正(zheng)氣(qi)水等解暑藥(yao)品。這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)套袋(dai)授(shou)粉緊急工作,一茬(cha)要(yao)忙15-20天之(zhi)久,有(you)的(de)(de)(de)一年忙2茬(cha),有(you)的(de)(de)(de)一年忙3茬(cha),甚至(zhi)有(you)些種(zhong)業一年種(zhong)植4茬(cha),對育種(zhong)者(zhe)身心(xin)都(dou)是一種(zhong)大的(de)(de)(de)考驗,需要(yao)腦+體同付出,才能(neng)圓滿完成的(de)(de)(de)艱巨任務。
因此,在育種(zhong)(zhong)工作關鍵的(de)(de)節點,育種(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)希望種(zhong)(zhong)業能體諒工作的(de)(de)不易(yi),若非是有緊急(ji)(ji)事情(qing),請(qing)先讓育種(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)忙完(wan)手頭緊急(ji)(ji)和主要(yao)的(de)(de)工作。如(ru)果遇(yu)到緊急(ji)(ji)事情(qing),請(qing)根據工作情(qing)況,酌情(qing)考慮育種(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)完(wan)成時間。
(二)讓種業知道價值點
當種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)遇(yu)到瓶(ping)頸期(qi)或出現困難,會(hui)“降本增效”,對員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裁員(yuan)或動刀(dao)(dao),不(bu)(bu)慎(shen),會(hui)變得(de)一團糟。為什(shen)么出現這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)情況(kuang)?因為他(ta)們(men)(men)(men)裁掉或動刀(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)(shi)真正干活的(de)(de)(de)“牛”,留下的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)一些能(neng)吹、會(hui)吹的(de)(de)(de)“高(gao)手”。首先,育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者往(wang)往(wang)最容(rong)易(yi)被動刀(dao)(dao),原因是(shi)(shi)科研育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“燒錢”,育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者們(men)(men)(men)整天在(zai)地里埋頭苦(ku)干,性(xing)格耿直,不(bu)(bu)善于“表達(da)”,在(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)中(zhong)只知(zhi)(zhi)道做(zuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)而(er)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)處理(li)人際關系,是(shi)(shi)最不(bu)(bu)受待(dai)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)和(he)最容(rong)易(yi)忽視的(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)!經常(chang)田間工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)或經常(chang)出差去異地工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),有(you)些種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者已工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)好(hao)幾年,高(gao)層(ceng)只知(zhi)(zhi)其名卻不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其人,更不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)所做(zuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容(rong)和(he)價值,你不(bu)(bu)挨(ai)刀(dao)(dao)誰挨(ai)刀(dao)(dao)!這(zhe)(zhe)些“牛”,不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)那種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“會(hui)哭的(de)(de)(de)孩子”,安(an)分(fen)守己(ji),任勞任怨(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)完成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。而(er)整天在(zai)領導(dao)層(ceng)面前晃(huang)悠的(de)(de)(de)“戲精”,靠(kao)著(zhu)左右逢源,即使做(zuo)“面子活”,他(ta)們(men)(men)(men)也會(hui)“由(you)虛變實(shi)”,成(cheng)為領導(dao)們(men)(men)(men)器重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)“功臣(chen)和(he)重(zhong)臣(chen)”。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)真需裁員(yuan)或人員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)變動時,要慎(shen)重(zhong),特別是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)小企業(ye),稍(shao)有(you)不(bu)(bu)慎(shen)就會(hui)傷動脈,讓(rang)公司運營困難。有(you)時,整天匯報工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)人,可能(neng)只是(shi)(shi)在(zai)復述別人的(de)(de)(de)勞動成(cheng)果。而(er)悶頭苦(ku)干的(de)(de)(de)人,是(shi)(shi)干將(jiang),可能(neng)是(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)發展的(de)(de)(de)希望。
育種(zhong)者既要(yao)有(you)真(zhen)本(ben)事(shi)做(zuo)“實事(shi)”,踏(ta)踏(ta)實實做(zuo)事(shi),還要(yao)不斷(duan)提高溝通(tong)和社交方面不足,均衡發(fa)展,才能讓種(zhong)業看出你的(de)價值。
(三)對育種思路和建(jian)議給(gei)予肯定
種(zhong)(zhong)業往(wang)往(wang)以(yi)市(shi)場主流(liu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)來“絕(jue)對(dui)”扭轉育種(zhong)(zhong)家的育種(zhong)(zhong)思路和(he)走向。每(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)組配模式(shi)都(dou)有(you)優點和(he)缺點,在某個(ge)時(shi)間段內,天時(shi)(生態氣候和(he)病害(hai)因素)+地(di)利(li)(地(di)域性和(he)耕作(zuo)模式(shi)變化)+人和(he)(人畜和(he)生產(chan)加工需求),三者加到一(yi)(yi)(yi)起才能(neng)造就一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)“優良大品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)”。盲目跟風和(he)“貓步式(shi)”育種(zhong)(zhong)不可取,幾年以(yi)后品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)出(chu)了,但市(shi)場有(you)新的變化,該類型品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)市(shi)場不再需要!幾年工作(zuo)等于白做。
每一(yi)位成熟(shu)的(de)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)家都有自己獨特的(de)見(jian)解(jie)和思路(lu),會根據市(shi)場定位和手中(zhong)資(zi)源(yuan)材料(liao),做(zuo)好最基(ji)礎的(de)頂(ding)層(ceng)設計育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong),把思想融合到該設計目標中(zhong)。育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)家最怕種(zhong)(zhong)業決(jue)策(ce)層(ceng)急于求成,“一(yi)刀切式”更改(gai)選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)模(mo)式和思路(lu)。比如讓一(yi)個正在做(zuo)大穗、高產、抗(kang)病型品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)團隊,短期(qi)內必(bi)須選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)出小穗、穩產、抗(kang)逆型品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。實現需要一(yi)個過程,希望種(zhong)(zhong)業理解(jie)。
常規大田育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)模式,一般6-8年為一個周期(qi)。頂層設計(ji)→種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)評選→種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)改(gai)良(liang)→世(shi)代選育(yu)(yu)→優系測配→觀察(cha)試驗→數據整理(li)與分析→完(wan)善和改(gai)進(jin),是一個周期(qi)性(xing)循環(huan)和再持(chi)續性(xing)循環(huan)的(de)(de)過程,才能選育(yu)(yu)出優良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。因此,育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者希望(wang)種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)想(xiang)改(gai)變或更換(huan)新育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)模式時,適當聽取育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者建(jian)議和匯報(bao),并給予相應的(de)(de)理(li)解與支持(chi)。

(四(si))把責、權、利(li)合理(li)下放
育(yu)種(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe),希望種(zhong)業(ye)絕(jue)對信任,責、權、利要(yao)明確且下放。有一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)種(zhong)業(ye),要(yao)求育(yu)種(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)寫(xie)(xie)日(ri)、周、月(yue)、季、年等工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)總(zong)(zong)結,以便于(yu)更(geng)好(hao)的了解(jie)育(yu)種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。如果(guo)種(zhong)業(ye)管(guan)理(li)層,對育(yu)種(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)從(cong)事的工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)了解(jie)不多(duo),那么,會出現一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)情況:在田(tian)間用心(xin)做(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的,多(duo)半不會把所(suo)做(zuo)(zuo)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)全寫(xie)(xie)出來,踏實做(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的人(ren)往往比(bi)較專一(yi)(yi),做(zuo)(zuo)的越多(duo),越不會記(ji)得太清。有些(xie)(xie),做(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)很少,卻寫(xie)(xie)出的很多(duo)很細,甚至一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)“雞(ji)毛蒜皮的小事”都能(neng)寫(xie)(xie)成“大(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)”,讓領導們看了,覺得做(zuo)(zuo)的很棒。只(zhi)看總(zong)(zong)結,而(er)不看質量、效率、結果(guo)的種(zhong)業(ye)公司,很容易(yi)用一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)不做(zuo)(zuo)“實事”的育(yu)種(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)。
因個別育(yu)種者(zhe),拿著種業(ye)(ye)的工(gong)資(zi)和研(yan)發(fa)經(jing)(jing)費,選育(yu)的出的自交(jiao)系、組合、品種偷(tou)賣給其它種業(ye)(ye)或同(tong)行,種業(ye)(ye)投入經(jing)(jing)費、精(jing)力、時間,卻(que)得不到該有的回(hui)報,因而,造成種業(ye)(ye)對育(yu)種者(zhe)缺乏信任度,更加(jia)猜(cai)忌和防(fang)范。部分種業(ye)(ye),為了(le)防(fang)范育(yu)種家,會安排(pai)“自己人”到育(yu)種家身邊,輔助(zhu)和監督育(yu)種家工(gong)作(zuo)。育(yu)種家在(zai)工(gong)作(zuo)中受一些制約(yue),甚至一些決策被更改,導(dao)致科研(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)不能良好運轉,影響(xiang)研(yan)發(fa)進程(cheng)。
對(dui)(dui)于(yu)辛(xin)辛(xin)苦(ku)苦(ku)培養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)助(zhu)手、學生、下(xia)屬(shu)人(ren)(ren)員開(kai)始有(you)意無意排擠(ji),向公司打各種莫須有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“小報告”,這種情況(kuang)自古以來都(dou)有(you)。這些(xie)人(ren)(ren)想要(yao)取(qu)代(dai)你(ni)(ni),是不(bu)可能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),除(chu)非你(ni)(ni)綜合(he)水平(ping)和(he)(he)能(neng)力很(hen)(hen)低,很(hen)(hen)容易(yi)被取(qu)代(dai)!育(yu)種者想要(yao)有(you)一(yi)番大(da)作(zuo)為(wei),更應(ying)該(gai)尊師(shi)(shi)重道(dao),靠(kao)著非正(zheng)當手段上位(wei)或(huo)達到某種目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),很(hen)(hen)容易(yi)被行(xing)業內(nei)所(suo)不(bu)恥。當你(ni)(ni)用心協助(zhu)你(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老師(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)領(ling)導做好(hao)工作(zuo),他們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)榮譽和(he)(he)成果你(ni)(ni)同(tong)樣會(hui)享(xiang)受,他們(men)(men)晉(jin)升(sheng)時(shi)你(ni)(ni)同(tong)樣會(hui)晉(jin)升(sheng)。反(fan)之,今天你(ni)(ni)用一(yi)些(xie)不(bu)正(zheng)當手段把(ba)他們(men)(men)排擠(ji)走,明(ming)天你(ni)(ni)就可能(neng)被人(ren)(ren)用同(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)離場。科研育(yu)種者即使再有(you)“天分”,也(ye)需要(yao)慢(man)(man)慢(man)(man)學習、積累和(he)(he)驗證,中間(jian)還要(yao)堅持付出常人(ren)(ren)所(suo)不(bu)知的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)努力,才有(you)一(yi)番作(zuo)為(wei)。現實(shi)中也(ye)出現好(hao)多類(lei)似情況(kuang),“領(ling)頭(tou)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”帶(dai)著團隊由弱走向強,后被為(wei)上位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“老二(er)或(huo)小三”排擠(ji)走。“領(ling)頭(tou)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”在(zai)新地方憑借自身實(shi)力依然大(da)有(you)作(zuo)為(wei)!而(er)“老二(er)或(huo)小三”卻因技術、人(ren)(ren)品(pin)(pin)、心胸(xiong)、付出等(deng)方面欠(qian)缺(que),把(ba)團隊帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)團糟(zao)。最后大(da)家懷念“領(ling)頭(tou)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日子(zi),已回(hui)不(bu)去(qu)了(le)(le)(le)!所(suo)以,育(yu)種者要(yao)做心胸(xiong)寬闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“領(ling)頭(tou)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”,對(dui)(dui)助(zhu)手、學生或(huo)下(xia)屬(shu)人(ren)(ren)員耐心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)去(qu)帶(dai)和(he)(he)教,要(yao)有(you)容人(ren)(ren)之量(liang),同(tong)時(shi)還要(yao)不(bu)斷提升(sheng)自己(ji)(ji),有(you)實(shi)力、有(you)品(pin)(pin)德(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)行(xing)業內(nei)還是很(hen)(hen)吃香的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)!對(dui)(dui)于(yu)行(xing)業中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“老二(er)或(huo)小三”,自身實(shi)力不(bu)夠,認不(bu)清現實(shi),高(gao)估(gu)自己(ji)(ji)能(neng)力,在(zai)與“領(ling)頭(tou)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”不(bu)正(zheng)當競爭時(shi),贏了(le)(le)(le)也(ye)等(deng)于(yu)輸了(le)(le)(le),輸更是輸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徹(che)底,一(yi)定要(yao)多讀和(he)(he)多理解(jie)幾遍“尊師(shi)(shi)重道(dao)”才會(hui)明(ming)了(le)(le)(le)。
一(yi)個合格的(de)育(yu)種(zhong)家(jia)(jia),要(yao)(yao)對(dui)上(shang)年(nian)度研(yan)發(fa)進(jin)展和(he)費(fei)用開支等(deng)做(zuo)好(hao)說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming),并對(dui)下(xia)一(yi)年(nian)的(de)研(yan)發(fa)進(jin)展和(he)研(yan)發(fa)經費(fei)等(deng)需求,做(zuo)出合理預算,與種(zhong)業(ye)管理層做(zuo)好(hao)溝通和(he)匯報。種(zhong)業(ye)方(fang)面(mian),可對(dui)研(yan)發(fa)經費(fei)和(he)進(jin)展等(deng)審核(he),有(you)疑(yi)慮的(de)地方(fang)可以提(ti)出來,育(yu)種(zhong)家(jia)(jia)做(zuo)好(hao)解釋(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming),多(duo)一(yi)些有(you)效溝通,能消除雙方(fang)疑(yi)慮,確保順利(li)完成工(gong)作(zuo)。明(ming)確育(yu)種(zhong)家(jia)(jia)的(de)職責(ze),育(yu)種(zhong)家(jia)(jia)對(dui)研(yan)發(fa)各(ge)項進(jin)程、經費(fei)開支合理性、人(ren)員分工(gong)等(deng)為第一(yi)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)人(ren),工(gong)作(zuo)上(shang)有(you)絕對(dui)權(quan)利(li)和(he)權(quan)威,享(xiang)受科研(yan)成果帶來的(de)相應利(li)益。對(dui)于種(zhong)業(ye)安排的(de)人(ren)員,育(yu)種(zhong)家(jia)(jia)不應該排斥,首先要(yao)(yao)自身作(zuo)風正(zheng),以寬厚(hou)心態對(dui)待研(yan)發(fa)團隊中任(ren)(ren)何人(ren),把研(yan)發(fa)育(yu)種(zhong)的(de)擔子(zi)抗起來,用心做(zuo)。時間久了,種(zhong)業(ye)會信任(ren)(ren)、理解和(he)支持你。
(五)健全科研創(chuang)新(xin)獎(jiang)勵機(ji)制(zhi)
玉米(mi)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者工(gong)(gong)(gong)資普(pu)遍(bian)不高,剛入行的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)更低一些,工(gong)(gong)(gong)作又(you)比其(qi)它行業(ye)辛苦,從業(ye)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)越來(lai)越少,如今人(ren)(ren)才微(wei)微(wei)呈現斷檔(dang)趨(qu)勢(shi)。只有(you)(you)真正體(ti)(ti)驗過(guo)玉米(mi)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren),才會(hui)了解育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作有(you)(you)多(duo)么(me)艱辛,玉米(mi)整個生(sheng)育(yu)(yu)期都面臨高溫(wen),播種(zhong)(zhong)、套袋(dai)、授粉(fen)、測配(pei)、收獲,如無特(te)殊情況,要一直堅持(chi)到工(gong)(gong)(gong)作結束。冬季要到海南出差(cha),若過(guo)年還處于(yu)套袋(dai)和(he)授粉(fen)高峰期,只能(neng)異(yi)地堅持(chi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作和(he)過(guo)年。也(ye)許會(hui)有(you)(you)很多(duo)人(ren)(ren)提(ti)出疑問(wen),為什么(me)不用(yong)臨時(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)?每個育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)團(tuan)隊(dui)都會(hui)用(yong)臨時(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de),但,有(you)(you)些工(gong)(gong)(gong)作必須育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者親自(zi)做(zuo)或帶(dai)(dai)(dai)著做(zuo),帶(dai)(dai)(dai)過(guo)團(tuan)隊(dui)或帶(dai)(dai)(dai)領(ling)過(guo)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作過(guo)的(de)(de)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者才會(hui)理解,自(zi)己(ji)做(zuo)最多(duo)身體(ti)(ti)累一些,帶(dai)(dai)(dai)人(ren)(ren)或帶(dai)(dai)(dai)團(tuan)隊(dui)做(zuo)身和(he)心都累。天(tian)熱時(shi),臨時(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)不愿意工(gong)(gong)(gong)作,團(tuan)隊(dui)成員(yuan)只能(neng)自(zi)己(ji)做(zuo)。有(you)(you)時(shi)臨時(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)價高,考慮(lv)到企業(ye)成本,只能(neng)團(tuan)隊(dui)成員(yuan)一點(dian)(dian)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)做(zuo)。
目前中小種(zhong)(zhong)業現(xian)狀(zhuang),育種(zhong)(zhong)骨干(gan)精英(ying),學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷普(pu)遍(bian)以(yi)(yi)本科為主,這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)能(neng)吃(chi)苦(ku)、不怕累、責(ze)任心(xin)強(qiang),在(zai)行業內兢(jing)兢(jing)業業數十(shi)年,才取得一(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)成(cheng)(cheng)就。而,剛畢(bi)業的人(ren)(ren)員,需要經過幾年努力(li)(li)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)習、實(shi)踐(jian)才能(neng)勉強(qiang)進入育種(zhong)(zhong)門(men)檻。但,行業存在(zai)的普(pu)遍(bian)現(xian)象(xiang),同一(yi)家種(zhong)(zhong)業,工(gong)作(zuo)多年的“老師(shi)傅(fu)、土(tu)專家”,為公司(si)做(zuo)了(le)很大的貢獻(xian),工(gong)資和(he)收入竟比不上(shang)剛畢(bi)業的高學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷人(ren)(ren)員!即使(shi)他(ta)們剛畢(bi)業什么(me)都(dou)“不懂做(zuo)”,什么(me)也“不能(neng)做(zuo)”,工(gong)資還是比你(ni)高!因此,育種(zhong)(zhong)者希望(wang)種(zhong)(zhong)業,正確看待學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷與貢獻(xian),合(he)適的人(ren)(ren)在(zai)合(he)適的位置(zhi)才能(neng)發揮優勢(shi),有些(xie)(xie)(xie)最(zui)苦(ku)和(he)最(zui)累的研發工(gong)作(zuo)還這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)“老實(shi)人(ren)(ren)、老師(shi)傅(fu)、土(tu)專家”來完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng),“高學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷人(ren)(ren)員”未必會(hui)做(zuo)好。當然,有想法,非常(chang)努力(li)(li)的“高學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷人(ren)(ren)員”未來的成(cheng)(cheng)就會(hui)更大,這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)(ren)可以(yi)(yi)說“千載難逢(feng)”。作(zuo)為種(zhong)(zhong)業,不“按勞分配”,只(zhi)會(hui)讓員工(gong)心(xin)寒,不利于種(zhong)(zhong)業穩(wen)定發展。
種業可根據經營狀況及品種成果轉化收益情況,建立并(bing)完善一套(tao)獎勵(li)機(ji)制。種業的(de)(de)科研(yan)獎勵(li)機(ji)制是激發育(yu)種者,在工(gong)作上積極性(xing)和(he)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)力(li)的(de)(de)重要措(cuo)施,對(dui)育(yu)種者給(gei)予物質獎勵(li)是對(dui)其工(gong)作認可和(he),科研(yan)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)肯定。獎勵(li)機(ji)制,不僅讓(rang)育(yu)種者工(gong)作價值得到肯定,同(tong)時也滿足育(yu)種者工(gong)作成就感,會更大層度的(de)(de)激發育(yu)種者的(de)(de)工(gong)作熱情和(he)對(dui)種業的(de)(de)用(yong)心付(fu)出。
三、如何理性看待兩者關系?唯有合作才能共贏
(一)理性(xing)換(huan)位思考,付(fu)出(chu)才能得(de)到回報
種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)就像一(yi)條(tiao)大(da)河(he)(he),育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者像小(xiao)河(he)(he)。小(xiao)河(he)(he)源(yuan)源(yuan)不斷向大(da)河(he)(he)流淌,不停的(de)奉(feng)獻自身價值,保(bao)證大(da)河(he)(he)水流不斷。大(da)河(he)(he)沒水小(xiao)河(he)(he)則(ze)干,種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)有(you)利(li)潤了才(cai)能(neng)保(bao)證育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者有(you)穩定的(de)平(ping)臺(tai)。兩者相輔相成(cheng),因(yin)此,育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)者需(xu)要多培(pei)育(yu)優良品種(zhong)(zhong),幫(bang)助種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)做大(da)做強,成(cheng)果轉化成(cheng)經濟(ji)和(he)社會效益,才(cai)能(neng)有(you)資格去享受相應回報。
(二(er))合作(zuo)共贏(ying),共創輝煌
沒有任何一個種(zhong)業愿意養閑(xian)人(ren),也沒有任何一個人(ren)愿意跟著一個沒有發展前景的種(zhong)業做事。要(yao)樹立正確價值(zhi)觀,理性看待彼此關(guan)系,合(he)作共贏,共創種(zhong)業輝煌(huang)。
種業獲得育種者科研創新帶來的經濟收益后,要對育種者科研創新給予獎勵,建立和完善的獎勵機制,激發育種者科技創新熱情(qing)和積極性,健(jian)全的獎勵機制才能為種業(ye)發展(zhan)保駕護(hu)航。
(三)理(li)想(xiang)(xiang)和現實(shi)有很大差距(ju),唯(wei)有現實(shi)中多(duo)努(nu)力(li)才能(neng)實(shi)現理(li)想(xiang)(xiang)
最夢想的(de)(de)(de)工作:錢要多、事(shi)要少、壓力(li)小、沒煩惱(nao)、離家近(jin)。現實(shi)卻是,生(sheng)活上處(chu)處(chu)都(dou)需要錢來(lai)支撐,最后(hou)只能遠離家鄉,選擇陌(mo)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)地方工作和生(sheng)活,以便(bian)于獲得更多的(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)。若是有(you)錢多、事(shi)少且離家近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)工作,那(nei)么就等(deng)同(tong)于邊玩邊拿(na)工資,想想都(dou)好(hao)幸福,誰(shui)做夢不想要?但,現實(shi)卻是一(yi)(yi)(yi)沒關系、二沒能力(li),家里沒礦,只有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)堆爛攤子,年(nian)邁父母的(de)(de)(de)看病(bing)開銷、家人的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活費、孩子的(de)(de)(de)學雜費、人際關系維(wei)持的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項開支等(deng)等(deng),處(chu)處(chu)需要錢來(lai)填補,如無(wu)底洞(dong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban),不見(jian)天日,不可自拔!
有(you)(you)(you)理想(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)還是很多,并且還一(yi)直在(zai)不(bu)斷努力嘗(chang)試將其變為(wei)現實(shi)。他(ta)(ta)們在(zai)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)是錢(qian)多或錢(qian)少,而(er)是離自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)目標還有(you)(you)(you)多遠。他(ta)(ta)們踏(ta)實(shi)肯干,想(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是怎樣(yang)做更(geng)好,有(you)(you)(you)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法幫(bang)助(zhu)種業(ye)(ye)及(ji)個人(ren)得到提升(sheng),與工(gong)作相關且與種業(ye)(ye)利益一(yi)致。這(zhe)些(xie)人(ren)執著,看重的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)是錢(qian),也是為(wei)了某(mou)時(shi)達到,自(zi)己曾(ceng)許下的(de)(de)(de)(de)心愿!比如:11年(nian)(nian)認(ren)(ren)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)孫(sun)建勛,14年(nian)(nian)認(ren)(ren)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)張程,16年(nian)(nian)認(ren)(ren)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)羅忠良,17年(nian)(nian)認(ren)(ren)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)余(yu)潘鎖,18年(nian)(nian)認(ren)(ren)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)孫(sun)國富,這(zhe)些(xie)育種者一(yi)直在(zai)努力堅持實(shi)現自(zi)己理想(xiang)(xiang)。當然,種業(ye)(ye)圈(quan)還有(you)(you)(you)很多這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren),只是我的(de)(de)(de)(de)圈(quan)子(zi)太小(xiao),認(ren)(ren)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)太有(you)(you)(you)限。
成(cheng)功的人大多(duo)相(xiang)似,無論經(jing)歷了多(duo)少(shao)次失敗,經(jing)歷多(duo)少(shao)次冷眼和嘲笑(xiao),咬牙堅持前行(xing),最終達到(dao)終點(dian)。





 
  













