春耕春播(bo)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)先行。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)質量安(an)全事關(guan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業增效、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)增收(shou)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村穩定大局(ju)，為進(jin)一步做好2023年“農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)打假(jia)”審判工作，依法(fa)(fa)懲(cheng)治制售假(jia)劣農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)犯罪，切(qie)實(shi)維護農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)利益，確(que)保(bao)國(guo)家糧食安(an)全，最高(gao)人民(min)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)發布三件“農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)打假(jia)”典型案例。

      案例一：李某生產、銷售偽劣產品案

      無生產、經營資質而生產、銷售不合格農藥

      被告人李某不具備農藥生產、經營資質。2020年9月至2021年9月間，李某虛構青島某生物科技有限公司營業執(zhi)照，購置灌裝機等設(she)備，將(jiang)購進的低(di)濃度農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)重新灌裝冒(mao)充高濃度農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，并制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)標簽、說明(ming)(ming)(ming)書，生產30余(yu)種(zhong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。為(wei)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)上述農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，李(li)某(mou)(mou)在河南(nan)省周口(kou)市淮陽區某(mou)(mou)小區內(nei)租賃房屋作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)辦公室，招聘(pin)郭某(mou)(mou)、馮某(mou)(mou)等人作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員，通過網絡、電(dian)話(hua)推廣銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)，銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)金(jin)額共計500余(yu)萬元(yuan)。經檢驗，涉案農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)所標明(ming)(ming)(ming)成分的質量分數(shu)不符合標明(ming)(ming)(ming)值要求，為(wei)不合格產品。

      法院經審理認(ren)為(wei)，被告人(ren)李某生(sheng)產、銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)偽(wei)劣(lie)產品，銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)金額達500余萬元，其行(xing)為(wei)已(yi)構成生(sheng)產、銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)偽(wei)劣(lie)產品罪。李某到案后(hou)如實(shi)供述自(zi)己的罪行(xing)，認(ren)罪認(ren)罰(fa)，可從輕處(chu)罰(fa)。據此，以生(sheng)產、銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)偽(wei)劣(lie)產品罪判(pan)處(chu)被告人(ren)李某有期徒刑(xing)十五年(nian)，剝奪(duo)政治(zhi)權利三年(nian)，并處(chu)罰(fa)金人(ren)民(min)幣三百萬元。

      案例二：劉某等人銷售偽劣化肥案

      銷售偽劣化肥使農戶遭受重大損失

      2019年3月至4月，被(bei)告人(ren)(ren)丁某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)讓被(bei)告人(ren)(ren)岳(yue)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)幫其聯系(xi)購買便(bian)宜的(de)磷(lin)酸二(er)(er)銨(an)(an)化肥。之后，岳(yue)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)聯系(xi)被(bei)告人(ren)(ren)劉某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)發貨，劉某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)通過他人(ren)(ren)以(yi)每(mei)噸(dun)(dun)1600元(yuan)(yuan)的(de)價格從山東(dong)省(sheng)臨(lin)沂市購進(jin)130噸(dun)(dun)“中(zhong)國(guo)農(nong)資”牌磷(lin)酸二(er)(er)銨(an)(an)化肥，并以(yi)每(mei)噸(dun)(dun)1950元(yuan)(yuan)的(de)價格轉售(shou)(shou)給岳(yue)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)。岳(yue)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)又以(yi)每(mei)噸(dun)(dun)2500元(yuan)(yuan)的(de)價格轉售(shou)(shou)給丁某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)，丁某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)收到(dao)化肥后以(yi)每(mei)噸(dun)(dun)3050元(yuan)(yuan)的(de)價格銷售(shou)(shou)給八五九農(nong)場被(bei)害人(ren)(ren)王某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)、趙(zhao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)等37名(ming)農(nong)戶(hu)，共計銷售(shou)(shou)39萬(wan)余元(yuan)(yuan)。在此過程中(zhong)，劉某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)、岳(yue)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)、丁某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)均未對該130噸(dun)(dun)“中(zhong)國(guo)農(nong)資”牌磷(lin)酸二(er)(er)銨(an)(an)化肥的(de)生產(chan)(chan)廠家、經營(ying)資質、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量等證(zheng)照(zhao)進(jin)行查驗，造成王某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)等農(nong)戶(hu)生產(chan)(chan)損(sun)失(shi)45萬(wan)余元(yuan)(yuan)。經鑒(jian)定，該涉案化肥為假冒偽(wei)劣化肥。

      法(fa)院經審理認(ren)(ren)為，被(bei)(bei)(bei)告人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)劉某(mou)(mou)(mou)等人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)銷售(shou)(shou)偽(wei)劣(lie)化肥，使生(sheng)產遭受重(zhong)大損失，其(qi)行為構(gou)成銷售(shou)(shou)偽(wei)劣(lie)化肥罪(zui)。劉某(mou)(mou)(mou)具有(you)(you)坦(tan)(tan)白情節，且認(ren)(ren)罪(zui)認(ren)(ren)罰，并(bing)賠(pei)償部分被(bei)(bei)(bei)害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)損失，取得(de)(de)部分被(bei)(bei)(bei)害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)諒解(jie)，依(yi)法(fa)予(yu)以(yi)從輕(qing)(qing)處(chu)罰。岳某(mou)(mou)(mou)具有(you)(you)坦(tan)(tan)白情節，且認(ren)(ren)罪(zui)認(ren)(ren)罰，并(bing)賠(pei)償全部被(bei)(bei)(bei)害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)損失，取得(de)(de)被(bei)(bei)(bei)害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)諒解(jie)，依(yi)法(fa)予(yu)以(yi)從輕(qing)(qing)處(chu)罰。丁某(mou)(mou)(mou)具有(you)(you)自首情節，且認(ren)(ren)罪(zui)認(ren)(ren)罰，并(bing)賠(pei)償全部被(bei)(bei)(bei)害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)損失，取得(de)(de)被(bei)(bei)(bei)害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)諒解(jie)，依(yi)法(fa)予(yu)以(yi)減輕(qing)(qing)處(chu)罰。據此(ci)，以(yi)銷售(shou)(shou)偽(wei)劣(lie)化肥罪(zui)判處(chu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)告人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)劉某(mou)(mou)(mou)有(you)(you)期徒刑(xing)四年，并(bing)處(chu)罰金人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民幣二十萬(wan)元；以(yi)銷售(shou)(shou)偽(wei)劣(lie)化肥罪(zui)判處(chu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)告人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)岳某(mou)(mou)(mou)、丁某(mou)(mou)(mou)緩刑(xing)，并(bing)處(chu)罰金。

      案例三：鞏某銷售偽劣種子罪

      銷售偽劣種子造成農作物減產

      被告人鞏某為山東省濟南市歷城區某農資經營部和濟南某農業科技有限公司的實際控制人。2020年1月至5月，庚某等74名農戶購買了鞏某在其公司銷售的“氣死風”玉米種子。農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)在(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植上(shang)述(shu)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)時發(fa)現出苗率低，部分(fen)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)進行(xing)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)補種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、混種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，但依然導致減產(chan)。經鑒定，“氣死風(feng)”玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)不符合國家標準要(yao)求，發(fa)芽率為65%，純度為92.1%，與農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村部已知品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)DNA指紋數據庫(ku)“奧邦368”玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)極近似或(huo)相同。經濟南市(shi)歷城區農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村局認定，該“氣死風(feng)”玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)為假種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和劣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。鞏(gong)某銷(xiao)售“氣死風(feng)”玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)共計(ji)5萬余(yu)元(yuan)，導致庚某等(deng)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)遭受總損(sun)失(shi)共計(ji)38萬余(yu)元(yuan)。

      法(fa)院(yuan)經審理(li)認為(wei)，被告人鞏(gong)某(mou)銷售(shou)偽劣(lie)種(zhong)(zhong)子，使生產遭(zao)受重(zhong)大損失，其(qi)行(xing)為(wei)已構(gou)成(cheng)銷售(shou)偽劣(lie)種(zhong)(zhong)子罪。鞏(gong)某(mou)曾兩次因涉種(zhong)(zhong)子違法(fa)行(xing)為(wei)受過行(xing)政處(chu)罰(fa)，對其(qi)酌情從重(zhong)處(chu)罰(fa)。據此，以銷售(shou)偽劣(lie)種(zhong)(zhong)子罪判處(chu)被告人鞏(gong)某(mou)有(you)期徒(tu)刑六年(nian)，并處(chu)罰(fa)金人民幣十一萬元。