《 農民(min)日報 》（ 2015年09月16日   06 版）

    馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)的(de)病(bing)(bing)害主要(yao)(yao)是晚(wan)疫病(bing)(bing)，該病(bing)(bing)是馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)害。葉片、莖(jing)、薯(shu)塊(kuai)均可(ke)受害，干燥時病(bing)(bing)斑變褐且脆(cui)，無霉層(ceng)。晚(wan)疫病(bing)(bing)的(de)流(liu)行與氣(qi)候條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)、生(sheng)育(yu)階段密切(qie)相關。結薯(shu)后如(ru)遇連(lian)綿陰(yin)雨(yu)，氣(qi)溫適宜的(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)，病(bing)(bing)害在10天內可(ke)傳(chuan)遍全田，損失嚴重。防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)措施是在生(sheng)長期如(ru)發現有晚(wan)疫病(bing)(bing)發病(bing)(bing)植株(zhu)，應(ying)及時噴(pen)藥防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)用50%的(de)代森錳(meng)鋅可(ke)濕性(xing)粉(fen)劑1000倍(bei)或25%瑞毒霉可(ke)濕性(xing)粉(fen)劑800倍(bei)液進(jin)行防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。每(mei)7天1次(ci)，連(lian)噴(pen)3~4次(ci)。

    馬鈴薯(shu)的(de)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)，該蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)為害(hai)(hai)馬鈴薯(shu)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)之(zhi)一，繁(fan)殖(zhi)力強，主(zhu)要(yao)為害(hai)(hai)葉片及嫩芽，同時又是(shi)傳播病(bing)毒病(bing)主(zhu)要(yao)載體。還有28星瓢(piao)(piao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)地(di)(di)下害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)，主(zhu)要(yao)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)法(fa)有：蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)40%氧(yang)化樂果(guo)800倍液或(huo)10%蚜虱一遍凈(蚍(pi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin))可濕性粉(fen)(fen)劑1000倍進行(xing)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；28星瓢(piao)(piao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)用(yong)80%敵百蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)500倍液或(huo)樂果(guo)1000倍液噴霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，發現成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)即開始(shi)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；地(di)(di)下害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)螻蛄、蠐(qi)螬和(he)地(di)(di)老虎(hu)，用(yong)80%敵百蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)可濕性粉(fen)(fen)劑500克(ke)加水溶化后和(he)炒熟的(de)棉仔(zi)餅(bing)或(huo)菜仔(zi)餅(bing)或(huo)麥麩20公斤拌勻作毒餌，于傍晚撒在(zai)幼苗根的(de)附近(jin)地(di)(di)面誘殺，或(huo)用(yong)辛(xin)硫磷顆粒(li)劑812粉(fen)(fen)，隨(sui)播種施入土壤進行(xing)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。         陽業(ye)