種子供需動態快報（春播作物·第一期）

      編者按： 3月中旬～4月下旬，我站按旬報制將對全省主要春播作物（早稻、玉米、大豆、棉花）種子供(gong)需信息(xi)進(jin)行分(fen)析，供(gong)參考。春耕生產用(yong)種(zhong)已進(jin)入高(gao)峰(feng)期，本期（3月中旬），從種(zhong)植面積(ji)和供(gong)種(zhong)進(jin)度分(fen)析，我(wo)省(sheng)今年(nian)常(chang)規早稻供(gong)求基本平衡，個別(bie)品(pin)種(zhong)存在區域(yu)性缺種(zhong)，可通過(guo)動用(yong)儲備種(zhong)子解(jie)決，價(jia)格比去年(nian)同期略有上漲(zhang)，大豆(dou)種(zhong)子漲(zhang)幅較大。

春播供種開局良好 種子價格小幅上漲

      截止3月18日，從各地種子管理機構和主要種子供應企(qi)業上(shang)報的主(zhu)要(yao)春(chun)播作(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)的統計分析，今年(nian)(nian)我省(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要(yao)春(chun)播作(zuo)物(wu)總體(ti)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)量與(yu)預計數(shu)(shu)基本相符。預計全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要(yao)春(chun)播作(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)市場需(xu)(xu)求量為(wei)598.77萬公(gong)(gong)斤，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)實際供(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)減少1.96萬公(gong)(gong)斤；目前各地(di)已(yi)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)554.08萬公(gong)(gong)斤（包括上(shang)游企(qi)業計劃供(gong)(gong)(gong)應省(sheng)(sheng)內的在庫(ku)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)、部分地(di)區(qu)已(yi)批(pi)準動用的儲備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)轉入(ru)數(shu)(shu)），已(yi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)263.08萬公(gong)(gong)斤，比(bi)去年(nian)(nian)同期供(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量有所。

      一、分作物供需情況

      1、預計早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)需商品種量為255.37萬公(gong)(gong)斤【其(qi)中：常(chang)規(gui)(gui)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)247.79萬公(gong)(gong)斤，雜(za)(za)交(jiao)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)7.58萬公(gong)(gong)斤（再(zai)生稻(dao)(dao)統計在內(nei)）】；已備種248.47萬公(gong)(gong)斤（其(qi)中：常(chang)規(gui)(gui)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)241.02萬公(gong)(gong)斤，雜(za)(za)交(jiao)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)7.45萬公(gong)(gong)斤）；已供種110.36萬公(gong)(gong)斤（其(qi)中：常(chang)規(gui)(gui)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)106.55萬公(gong)(gong)斤，雜(za)(za)交(jiao)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)3.81萬公(gong)(gong)斤）。

      2、預計玉米需商(shang)品種量為82.51萬(wan)公(gong)斤，比上年實際供種減少14.55萬(wan)公(gong)斤；目前已備種71.12萬(wan)公(gong)斤，預計供種缺口為11.39萬(wan)公(gong)斤；已供種29.51萬(wan)公(gong)斤。

      3、預計(ji)(ji)大豆需商品種(zhong)量為(wei)254.63萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，超過上年實際供種(zhong)數64.39萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)；目前已備(bei)種(zhong)226.79萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，預計(ji)(ji)供種(zhong)缺(que)口為(wei)28.94萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)；已供種(zhong)119.76萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。

      4、預計棉(mian)花需(xu)商(shang)品種量為6.26萬(wan)公(gong)斤，超過上年實際供(gong)種數0.35萬(wan)公(gong)斤；目前已(yi)(yi)備(bei)種7.7萬(wan)公(gong)斤，超出預計需(xu)商(shang)品種量1.03萬(wan)公(gong)斤；已(yi)(yi)供(gong)種3.24萬(wan)公(gong)斤。

      二、供需分析

      目(mu)前(qian)，在總量上除棉花(hua)商品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子外，其(qi)他春(chun)(chun)播農(nong)作物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子供應(ying)均(jun)有缺口。今(jin)年(nian)春(chun)(chun)播作物缺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主要原因：一是農(nong)戶自留種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)減少；二是去年(nian)部分地區在種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子生(sheng)產期間受不(bu)良氣候影響，部分品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質量達不(bu)到國(guo)家(jia)標準，導致(zhi)數量不(bu)足(zu)；三是由于今(jin)年(nian)春(chun)(chun)節較遲(chi)，經銷(xiao)商延后調(diao)進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子；四是由于部分縣(xian)缺少經營主體，一旦市(shi)場缺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，靠申請動用(yong)(yong)儲(chu)備種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子解決。預計隨供種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進程加快(kuai)，可通過(guo)動用(yong)(yong)儲(chu)備種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子和從外省調(diao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)滿足(zu)市(shi)場需求。目(mu)前(qian)我省已(yi)有上虞、臨海、余(yu)姚、金華開(kai)發區、椒江(jiang)、東陽等11個(ge)縣(xian)（市(shi)、區）申請動用(yong)(yong)省級常規早稻儲(chu)備種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子22萬公斤用(yong)(yong)于供應(ying)當地市(shi)場。

      從我省種子市場觀測點(dian)情況反映，今(jin)年(nian)我省主(zhu)要糧食作物種子價格較上年(nian)略有上漲(zhang)，但(dan)漲(zhang)幅較前幾年(nian)要小(xiao)，部(bu)分種子價格下降。其中(zhong):

      1、常規早稻(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)子價(jia)格在4.4-8元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤之間(jian)，均價(jia)為6.15元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤，比上年(nian)上漲0.33元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤，漲幅5.67%；不(bu)(bu)同地區因種(zhong)(zhong)子來源和銷售策(ce)略不(bu)(bu)同，價(jia)格差異較大(da)，但大(da)多集中在5-7元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤之間(jian)。

      2、雜(za)交(jiao)早稻種(zhong)子品(pin)種(zhong)較為集中(zhong)，只(zhi)有兩個檔次價格，分別為將(jiang)近60元(yuan)/公斤(jin)和(he)100元(yuan)/公斤(jin)左右(you)。

      3、玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)種子價(jia)格(ge)在5-270元(yuan)(yuan)/公斤之間：飼用玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)價(jia)格(ge)在5-60元(yuan)(yuan)/公斤之間，均(jun)(jun)價(jia)為29.19元(yuan)(yuan)/公斤，基本與去(qu)年持平(ping)；糯玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)價(jia)格(ge)在27.5-100元(yuan)(yuan)/公斤之間，均(jun)(jun)價(jia)為71.09元(yuan)(yuan)/公斤，增幅為7.14%；甜(tian)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)價(jia)格(ge)目前統計均(jun)(jun)價(jia)127.5元(yuan)(yuan)/公斤。

      4、大豆(dou)種子(zi)價格(ge)在(zai)10-16元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)之間，均價為14.39元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)，比去年上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)2.63元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)，漲(zhang)(zhang)幅為22.36%，部(bu)分(fen)種子(zi)價格(ge)與(yu)上(shang)年持平。

      5、棉花(hua)種子價格在175-273元/公(gong)斤之間，均價為215.6元/公(gong)斤，與(yu)去年同比雜交棉種子價格降低，減幅為7.11%。

2015年全省主要春播農作物種子供需情況調查表
 
填報時(shi)間：2015年(nian)3月18日        單位：萬公斤