國務院日前召開(kai)常務會(hui)議,部署(shu)加快(kuai)發展農(nong)村(cun)電商(shang)(shang)。推進(jin)(jin)電商(shang)(shang)下鄉(xiang),是(shi)挖(wa)掘(jue)消費潛力和促進(jin)(jin)農(nong)民增收(shou)的(de)有效途徑。要(yao)推動農(nong)村(cun)電商(shang)(shang)普(pu)及壯大,關鍵是(shi)要(yao)加快(kuai)電商(shang)(shang)站點(dian)網絡和電信服務網絡建設,構建雙向流(liu)通(tong)渠道,打通(tong)農(nong)村(cun)市場的(de)“進(jin)(jin)路”與“出路”。
在(zai)政(zheng)策引導和市場選(xuan)擇的雙重作用下(xia),電(dian)(dian)商(shang)下(xia)鄉勢頭強勁(jing)。監管層(ceng)(ceng)面(mian),政(zheng)府部(bu)門出臺(tai)了相(xiang)關(guan)政(zheng)策措施,扶持力度加大,一(yi)些地方探索利用農村電(dian)(dian)商(shang)促進扶貧(pin)解(jie)困和農村發展。企業層(ceng)(ceng)面(mian),既有京(jing)東等綜合性電(dian)(dian)商(shang)企業加快農村布局(ju),也有一(yi)些專注于農村電(dian)(dian)商(shang)的企業逐漸壯大。但總體上(shang)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)服務在(zai)農村的覆蓋面(mian)和應(ying)用率還較低,農村電(dian)(dian)商(shang)仍然處(chu)于起(qi)步探索階段。
挖掘(jue)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)市(shi)場的(de)電(dian)商(shang)(shang)潛力,需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)根據農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)市(shi)場特點,依托電(dian)商(shang)(shang)平(ping)臺(tai)構建工業品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、商(shang)(shang)業服(fu)務下鄉與農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)進(jin)城的(de)雙向流通渠道。農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)市(shi)場的(de)特點在于,廣大農(nong)(nong)民既是(shi)消費者,又是(shi)生產者。農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)電(dian)商(shang)(shang)的(de)首(shou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)任(ren)務就是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)打通農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)市(shi)場的(de)“進(jin)路”與“出路”,不僅要(yao)(yao)(yao)把商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)服(fu)務送進(jin)去,還要(yao)(yao)(yao)把農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)運出來。通過電(dian)商(shang)(shang)的(de)普及,解決農(nong)(nong)民面(mian)臨的(de)買不到質(zhi)優價廉商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)賣(mai)不掉(diao)自(zi)產農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)雙重難題。
雙(shuang)向(xiang)流(liu)通(tong)能(neng)給電(dian)商、農(nong)(nong)(nong)民和消(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)帶來(lai)更多價值。農(nong)(nong)(nong)村地區市(shi)場需求分散,渠道成本高(gao),難以(yi)形成規模集中(zhong)效(xiao)(xiao)應,這是影響電(dian)商企(qi)業(ye)盈利(li)能(neng)力和下鄉積(ji)極性的癥(zheng)結。建立雙(shuang)向(xiang)流(liu)通(tong)的渠道,有利(li)于提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村電(dian)商渠道和站點的使用效(xiao)(xiao)率,能(neng)夠從(cong)雙(shuang)方向(xiang)為電(dian)商企(qi)業(ye)帶來(lai)更多訂單和收入(ru)(ru)。對處在農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)和消(xiao)(xiao)費兩端的農(nong)(nong)(nong)村居民和城市(shi)居民來(lai)說(shuo),借(jie)助電(dian)商渠道,使傳統農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)融(rong)入(ru)(ru)“互聯(lian)網+”,有利(li)于縮短流(liu)通(tong)環節,提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)(xiao)益。
搭(da)建暢通(tong)的(de)雙向流通(tong)渠道(dao),需要(yao)加強農(nong)村(cun)電(dian)商站(zhan)(zhan)點網(wang)絡和(he)信息(xi)服務網(wang)絡建設。配送物流和(he)站(zhan)(zhan)點布局,是(shi)(shi)關系農(nong)村(cun)電(dian)商發(fa)展的(de)“最后一公里”問題,是(shi)(shi)挖掘(jue)市場潛力的(de)關鍵。站(zhan)(zhan)點網(wang)絡建設和(he)布局,要(yao)著眼于解(jie)決工業產(chan)品(pin)下鄉的(de)物流配送問題,還要(yao)考慮如(ru)何把農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)有效(xiao)組織集中起來,便(bian)利農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)輸(shu)出。而要(yao)降低(di)站(zhan)(zhan)點網(wang)絡成本,必須依靠農(nong)村(cun)市場的(de)自身力量,借助(zhu)發(fa)揮當(dang)地農(nong)民的(de)作用,這不僅(jin)有利于降低(di)電(dian)商企業運用成本,也能為農(nong)民增加創業和(he)創收(shou)機(ji)會。
在(zai)信息(xi)服務網(wang)絡建設方面(mian),一(yi)方面(mian)要(yao)強(qiang)化電信普遍服務責任,為廣大農村地區提供更加(jia)便捷便宜的(de)上網(wang)條(tiao)件(jian),同時還要(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)對農民使(shi)(shi)用網(wang)絡、應用電子商務的(de)培訓,特別是要(yao)重視培育典型,發揮示(shi)范(fan)引領作用,逐(zhu)步推(tui)廣,使(shi)(shi)廣大農民成為電商和(he)互聯網(wang)經濟的(de)參與(yu)者和(he)受(shou)益者。













