馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)主要以(yi)蔬菜方式(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，食用(yong)(yong)(yong)器(qi)官是塊莖，其淀粉含量(liang)(liang)高。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)一般以(yi)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主，適(shi)當配施(shi)(shi)(shi)氮、磷、鉀化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，同(tong)時，施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)微(wei)量(liang)(liang)元素肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)也可增(zeng)加產量(liang)(liang)，改善品質。馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)是喜鉀作(zuo)物，鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)對產量(liang)(liang)提(ti)高的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)明(ming)顯(xian)，硫(liu)酸鉀效果(guo)更(geng)佳(jia)。試驗表明(ming)，氮、鉀對馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)產量(liang)(liang)的(de)影響表現(xian)出明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)交互作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，另外(wai)硼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、鎂(mei)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)對馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)具有明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)增(zeng)產效果(guo)。土壤(rang)中(zhong)有效硼含量(liang)(liang)0.6毫克/公斤至0.66毫克/公斤可作(zuo)為(wei)馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)土壤(rang)潛在(zai)缺硼的(de)臨界范圍。畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)3公斤硫(liu)酸鎂(mei)可減輕莖果(guo)內褐變癥狀。

　　1.施(shi)肥量 畝(mu)施(shi)有機肥300公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)至500公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，純氮(dan)(dan)6公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)至7公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，五氮(dan)(dan)化(hua)二磷4.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)至5.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，氧化(hua)鉀(jia)8公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)至9公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。

　　2.施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)時(shi)期(qi) 氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)應分期(qi)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)，采用(yong)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、種(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)方式，滿足(zu)馬鈴薯各個(ge)時(shi)期(qi)對氮的(de)要求。磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)一般多(duo)作(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)種(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)，若作(zuo)(zuo)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)應深施(shi)(shi)，但其肥(fei)(fei)(fei)效仍然(ran)不高。鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)時(shi)期(qi)可作(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)面種(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，也可后期(qi)葉南追施(shi)(shi)。

　　3.施(shi)肥(fei)方法(fa) 基肥(fei)多(duo)用有機肥(fei)300公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤至(zhi)500公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤配合(he)復合(he)肥(fei)15公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤至(zhi)20公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤混施(shi)。

　　具體方法是(shi)：一秋施，即(ji)在秋耕(geng)前把有機(ji)肥和化肥撒于地表(biao)，然后翻耕(geng)耙(pa)耘(yun)，使肥料與土壤充分混合。二是(shi)春施，即(ji)在春耕(geng)前撒施于地表(biao)，而后翻耕(geng)耙(pa)耘(yun)。三(san)是(shi)施種肥，在播種時順行施于播種溝內。

　　追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)要結合(he)馬鈴薯生長(chang)時期(qi)(qi)進行(xing)合(he)理施(shi)(shi)用。時間可選(xuan)在苗(miao)期(qi)(qi)、蕾期(qi)(qi)及(ji)初長(chang)期(qi)(qi)，每(mei)次追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)應(ying)選(xuan)用不(bu)同肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)，氮(dan)、磷(lin)、鉀(jia)配合(he)施(shi)(shi)用。一(yi)般苗(miao)期(qi)(qi)及(ji)蕾期(qi)(qi)可追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)及(ji)磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)，每(mei)畝用硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)銨25公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)及(ji)磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)二銨20公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鉀(jia)20公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。蕾期(qi)(qi)及(ji)初花(hua)期(qi)(qi)則施(shi)(shi)磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)、鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)，用磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)二銨10公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)加硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鉀(jia)15公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。初花(hua)期(qi)(qi)后決不(bu)可再(zai)用氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)，以免引起莖葉徒長(chang)。影響養分向塊莖的輸送(song)。

　　硼砂鎂肥等中微肥一(yi)般在初(chu)花期開始進(jin)行葉面噴施，每隔7天一(yi)次(ci)，連續三次(ci)。濃度掌握在硼砂0.05%，硫酸鎂0.5%。