種子供需動態快報

（春播作物(wu)·第四期）

浙江省種子(zi)管理總站編印                二(er)〇一四(si)年四(si)月(yue)二(er)十八日

春播供種基本結束 儲備種子作用明顯

     從各地上報的主要春播作物種子供需統計分析，截止4月25日全省主要春播作物供種600.73萬公斤，為預計需種量634.6萬公斤的95%，比上年供種減少56.49萬公斤，減幅為8.6%；主要供種企業備商品種687.32萬公斤（包括批準動用的儲備種子，下同），比上年備種減少113.99萬公斤，減幅為14.2%；庫存商品種子為86.59萬公斤，比上年同期減少57.5萬公斤，減幅為39.9%。目前，各類春播作物均已進入播種期，我省主要春播作物種子供應基本結束。

     一、分作物種子供需情況

     1、早稻(dao)已(yi)供商品種量(liang)為(wei)(wei)307.52萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(其中：常規早稻(dao)301.02萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，雜(za)交早稻(dao)6.5萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin))，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)供種減少50.03萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，減幅為(wei)(wei)14% (其中：常規早稻(dao)減少47.42萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，減幅為(wei)(wei)13.6%；雜(za)交早稻(dao)減少2.61萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，減幅為(wei)(wei)29.6%)；主要供種企業備商品種量(liang)為(wei)(wei)342.67萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin) (其中：常規早稻(dao)335.3萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，雜(za)交早稻(dao)7.37萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin))，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)減少87.9萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，減幅為(wei)(wei)20.4% (其中：常規早稻(dao)減少83.8萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，減幅為(wei)(wei)20%；雜(za)交早稻(dao)減少4.1萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，減幅為(wei)(wei)35.7%)。

     2、玉米供商(shang)品種(zhong)(zhong)量為(wei)97.06萬公(gong)斤，比上(shang)(shang)年增加(jia)4.71萬公(gong)斤，增幅為(wei)5.1%；主要供種(zhong)(zhong)企業備商(shang)品種(zhong)(zhong)量為(wei)127.9萬公(gong)斤，比上(shang)(shang)年減(jian)少1.12萬公(gong)斤，減(jian)幅為(wei)0.9%。

     3、大豆供(gong)商品種量為190.24萬(wan)公斤(jin)，比上年減少6.72萬(wan)公斤(jin)，減幅為3.4%；主要供(gong)種企業備(bei)商品種量為209.84萬(wan)公斤(jin)，比上年減少20.2萬(wan)公斤(jin)，減幅為8.8%。

     4、棉花供商品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)為(wei)5.91萬(wan)公斤，比上年減(jian)少4.45萬(wan)公斤，減(jian)幅為(wei)43%；主要供種(zhong)(zhong)企業備商品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)為(wei)6.91萬(wan)公斤，比上年減(jian)少4.77萬(wan)公斤，減(jian)幅為(wei)40.8%。

     二、供需分析

     1、與上年相比，全(quan)省四類主要春播作物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子供應(ying)總(zong)量呈現“三減(jian)一增(zeng)”態勢。除玉(yu)米種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子供應(ying)量比上年增(zeng)加5.1%，早(zao)稻(dao)、大(da)豆和棉(mian)(mian)花種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子供應(ying)量比上年均有相當(dang)程度(du)的減(jian)少，其中棉(mian)(mian)花種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子減(jian)幅為(wei)40.8%，早(zao)稻(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子減(jian)幅為(wei)14%，大(da)豆種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子減(jian)幅為(wei)3.4%，。由于棉(mian)(mian)花種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植效益相對低下，使我省農(nong)民種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植棉(mian)(mian)花積極性大(da)幅下降，導致(zhi)棉(mian)(mian)花種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子供應(ying)連(lian)續兩年減(jian)幅超過(guo)40%。

     2、今年(nian)我省(sheng)主要(yao)糧食作物(wu)種子(zi)(zi)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)又有一定上漲(zhang)幅(fu)度，但(dan)較前幾(ji)年(nian)漲(zhang)幅(fu)趨緩或有回(hui)落。主要(yao)原因是近幾(ji)年(nian)糧食價(jia)(jia)格(ge)、農業生(sheng)產資料價(jia)(jia)格(ge)、勞動力價(jia)(jia)格(ge)以及土地租(zu)賃價(jia)(jia)格(ge)都(dou)在不斷上漲(zhang)，，種子(zi)(zi)收購價(jia)(jia)格(ge)也持(chi)續上漲(zhang)，但(dan)上漲(zhang)幅(fu)度趨緩。其中(zhong)常(chang)規早稻、飼用玉(yu)米、甜玉(yu)米、雜交棉種子(zi)(zi)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)與上年(nian)相比漲(zhang)幅(fu)分(fen)別(bie)為(wei)9.8%、18.2%、5.8%和19.1%；糯玉(yu)米、大豆等(deng)作物(wu)的種子(zi)(zi)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)略(lve)有下(xia)降，降幅(fu)分(fen)別(bie)為(wei)10.7%和3.3%；常(chang)規棉種子(zi)(zi)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)與上年(nian)基本持(chi)平(ping)。

     3、大豆和玉米種(zhong)子，市場(chang)還有一定需(xu)求量。目前市場(chang)備(bei)種(zhong)量充足，供種(zhong)渠道(dao)豐富，農民可(ke)隨時購(gou)買到所需(xu)的作物和相(xiang)應品種(zhong)。

     三、儲備種子作用顯著

     今年(nian)早(zao)稻市(shi)(shi)(shi)場備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)充裕，但存在區域(yu)性、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)結構性缺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在相關(guan)地區，各級(ji)農業部門經當地政府同意，及時動(dong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，使供(gong)(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)缺口得到及時彌補(bu)，確保了早(zao)稻生產用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量的安全(quan)。截止報告日(ri)，全(quan)省(sheng)共有4個市(shi)(shi)(shi)14個縣(xian)（市(shi)(shi)(shi)、區）動(dong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)各級(ji)早(zao)稻儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)74.46萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，占市(shi)(shi)(shi)場實際(ji)供(gong)(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的24.5%，其中(zhong)省(sheng)級(ji)儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)9萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、市(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)15.36萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)和縣(xian)級(ji)儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)50.1萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，其中(zhong)溫州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)43.96萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、金華市(shi)(shi)(shi)17.18萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、寧波市(shi)(shi)(shi)8.32萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、臺州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)5萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，滿足了市(shi)(shi)(shi)場對早(zao)稻種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)的需(xu)求；另外，浦江縣(xian)動(dong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)玉米儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)0.5萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，今年(nian)全(quan)省(sheng)共計(ji)動(dong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)74.96萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，比上年(nian)減少10.76萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，這些(xie)儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)可播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)15萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，預(yu)計(ji)可增收早(zao)稻谷等糧食6000萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，為完成我省(sheng)糧食生產任務發揮了較大(da)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。