1、選地勢平坦(tan)、排(pai)灌(guan)方(fang)便、肥(fei)(fei)沃疏(shu)松的沙(sha)壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)或(huo)(huo)粘壤土(tu)(tu)(tu),而且喜歡偏(pian)堿性的土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)采用(yong)(yong)直播(bo)(bo)(bo),很少育苗(miao)移栽,以采收(shou)幼苗(miao)供食用(yong)(yong)。早春(chun)2~3月播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),多(duo)利用(yong)(yong)大(da)棚和(he)小拱(gong)棚栽培;春(chun)栽播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(4~5月),多(duo)套種(zhong)(zhong)在瓜(gua)類、茄果類及(ji)豆類下,或(huo)(huo)與其他(ta)綠葉蔬菜混(hun)播(bo)(bo)(bo),分期(qi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),陸續采收(shou)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前要(yao)將菜地深翻(fan),并(bing)撒石(shi)灰,每(mei)(mei)666.7平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)撒150千(qian)克(ke)。整地時施(shi)腐熟的人(ren)畜糞為基肥(fei)(fei),每(mei)(mei)666.7平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)春(chun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)約3500千(qian)克(ke),夏播(bo)(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)1500千(qian)克(ke),秋播(bo)(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)2000千(qian)克(ke)。畦面整細耙平,宜高畦深溝,畦寬1.2~1.5米(mi)(mi)為宜。每(mei)(mei)666.7平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)量0.5~0.75千(qian)克(ke),播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)偏(pian)早,播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)量稍大(da)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)不蓋(gai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)或(huo)(huo)蓋(gai)薄土(tu)(tu)(tu),或(huo)(huo)覆(fu)以細沙(sha)或(huo)(huo)草木灰或(huo)(huo)人(ren)畜糞尿(niao)。也可用(yong)(yong)鎮土(tu)(tu)(tu)代替(ti)覆(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)視天(tian)氣和(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤進行澆(jiao)水(shui)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei),10天(tian)左(zuo)(zuo)右出(chu)苗(miao)。春(chun)季(ji)氣溫低,水(shui)分多(duo),一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)應控制澆(jiao)水(shui),只有在高溫或(huo)(huo)干旱時才經常(chang)澆(jiao)水(shui)。莧菜的生長喜晴(qing)不喜瘠,俗話說:“晴(qing)天(tian)的莧菜,雨天(tian)的蕹菜”,就(jiu)是這個(ge)意思。從播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)到(dao)長有2片真葉時,選晴(qing)天(tian)進行第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei);約過12天(tian)后(hou)(hou)進行第(di)2次追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei),當第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次間拔采收(shou)后(hou)(hou)進行第(di)三次追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei),以后(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)間拔采收(shou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次。追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)以速效(xiao)氮肥(fei)(fei)為主,每(mei)(mei)666.7平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)施(shi)尿(niao)素10千(qian)克(ke)左(zuo)(zuo)右或(huo)(huo)2~3成(cheng)腐熟人(ren)糞尿(niao)。并(bing)及(ji)時除去田間雜(za)草。
2、夏秋季(ji)播莧(xian)菜(cai)只需3~5天(tian)(tian)出(chu)苗,出(chu)苗后(hou)應(ying)及時(shi)(shi)除草,并(bing)加強水肥(fei)管(guan)理(li),保持土壤(rang)濕(shi)潤。在盛夏高溫(wen)期,還需覆蓋(gai)遮陽網進行(xing)降溫(wen)保濕(shi),做(zuo)到晝蓋(gai)夜揭,創造有(you)利(li)于莧(xian)菜(cai)生長的適溫(wen)環(huan)境,并(bing)有(you)利(li)于提(ti)高產量和(he)改善(shan)品質(zhi)。在植(zhi)株(zhu)高15厘(li)米左右時(shi)(shi)及時(shi)(shi)采收(可(ke)間拔,也可(ke)一次采收)。在采收前15天(tian)(tian)可(ke)追施(shi)2~3成腐熟人(ren)糞尿,在后(hou)期,追肥(fei)主要用速效氮肥(fei),并(bing)及時(shi)(shi)澆水。否則急速開花結實(shi),影響(xiang)品質(zhi)和(he)產量。













