近日，我省春夏播作物種子銷售全面啟動。目前市場上在售和待售品種數量較多，種子供應總量充足，早(zao)稻(dao)種子(zi)市場啟動較往(wang)年有(you)所提前(qian)，種子(zi)價格與上(shang)年同比基(ji)本(ben)持平(ping)，沒有(you)出現(xian)較大波動。

      一、種子供應總量充足。全省常規早稻需商品種子315萬公斤，備種量297萬公斤，有19萬公斤的缺口；常規晚稻需商品種子651萬公斤，備種量881萬公斤；雜交水稻需商品種子400萬公斤，備種量600萬公斤；玉米需商品種107萬公斤，備種量99萬公斤；大豆需商品種量283萬公斤，備種量270萬公斤；棉花需商品(pin)種(zhong)量(liang)4.4萬(wan)公斤，備種(zhong)量(liang)4.4萬(wan)公斤。玉米、大豆(dou)和棉(mian)花作物種(zhong)子以外(wai)地調(diao)入為主，即使有少量(liang)缺口通(tong)過市(shi)場調(diao)節會(hui)實(shi)現平衡。

      二、種子(zi)價格總體平(ping)(ping)穩，早稻和(he)普通(tong)玉(yu)(yu)米略(lve)有上漲。今年(nian)農作物種子(zi)價格較上年(nian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)基本(ben)持平(ping)(ping)，沒(mei)有出(chu)現較大波動(dong)。其中早稻均(jun)價5.5元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)略(lve)漲；晚稻均(jun)價6.3元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)基本(ben)持平(ping)(ping)；雜交水稻均(jun)價88.7元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin), 同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)基本(ben)持平(ping)(ping)；普通(tong)玉(yu)(yu)米均(jun)價31.33元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)略(lve)漲；鮮食玉(yu)(yu)米均(jun)價70.6元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)基本(ben)持平(ping)(ping)；大豆均(jun)價15.2元(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)略(lve)跌；棉花同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)基本(ben)持平(ping)(ping)。

      三、存在主要問題。一是早稻種子存在結構性缺種。從最近各地要求動用早稻儲備種子情況分析，去年夏季遭受連續低溫陰雨影響，特別是早稻收獲期間遭受“燦鴻”臺風影響出現倒伏，導致總體入庫種子比往年減少，部分收購入庫種子發芽率達不到國家標準，種糧大戶自留種大幅減少。由于去年冬種期間連續陰雨，大小麥、油菜不能及時播(bo)種(zhong)，冬閑田較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)，今年種(zhong)糧大戶早(zao)稻播(bo)種(zhong)面(mian)積有(you)所(suo)增加，形(xing)成早(zao)稻品種(zhong)“中早(zao)39”結構性缺(que)種(zhong)。目前各地(di)申請動用(yong)國家(jia)和省級儲備(bei)種(zhong)子(zi)達到(dao)60多(duo)萬公斤。二是晚(wan)稻種(zhong)子(zi)質量普(pu)遍較(jiao)(jiao)差。受長期低溫陰(yin)雨天氣影響，不少種(zhong)子(zi)基地(di)晚(wan)稻出現(xian)嚴重(zhong)倒伏和穗上發芽，不能作(zuo)種(zhong)子(zi)收購，部(bu)分(fen)入庫種(zhong)子(zi)發芽率也(ye)達不到(dao)國家(jia)標準(zhun)，預計全省晚(wan)稻種(zhong)子(zi)也(ye)存在結構性缺(que)種(zhong)。

      四(si)、確(que)(que)保供(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)安全的(de)措施。一是(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)余缺調劑(ji)。各地要(yao)切實加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)組織領導(dao)，根據(ju)(ju)當地生(sheng)產計劃和(he)(he)(he)供(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進度，及時掌握(wo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)供(gong)需(xu)(xu)狀況，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)地區間和(he)(he)(he)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間的(de)余缺調劑(ji)。缺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)地區要(yao)根據(ju)(ju)當地實際，引導(dao)供(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)企(qi)業主動與種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)糧大戶對接。對品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不正確(que)(que)造(zao)成的(de)結(jie)構性(xing)缺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，指導(dao)選(xuan)擇適(shi)宜(yi)當地種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)其它(ta)替代品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。供(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)企(qi)業要(yao)首先確(que)(que)保省(sheng)內用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。二(er)是(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)市場監管(guan)。各地要(yao)按(an)照屬地管(guan)理原則，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)春(chun)季(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)市場的(de)檢查和(he)(he)(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)量監督抽查，密切跟蹤常規(gui)早晚稻種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)量，加(jia)(jia)(jia)大種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)執法監管(guan)力度，嚴把春(chun)耕(geng)生(sheng)產用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)量關。三是(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)和(he)(he)(he)引導(dao)。結(jie)合當地農(nong)業生(sheng)產情況，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)對優良(liang)(liang)新品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)推(tui)廣(guang)，指導(dao)農(nong)民科學選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，優化品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)結(jie)構。同時要(yao)大力推(tui)廣(guang)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)良(liang)(liang)法配套(tao)技術，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)對農(nong)民的(de)技術指導(dao)，提(ti)高(gao)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)和(he)(he)(he)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)良(liang)(liang)法配套(tao)推(tui)廣(guang)技術到位(wei)率。四(si)是(shi)充(chong)分發(fa)揮(hui)儲(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)的(de)重要(yao)作用(yong)(yong)。近年來全省(sheng)各級均建立(li)了種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)儲(chu)備(bei)制度,今(jin)年全省(sheng)儲(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)總體上(shang)數量充(chong)足(zu)、質(zhi)(zhi)量可靠。各地要(yao)根據(ju)(ju)農(nong)業生(sheng)產需(xu)(xu)要(yao)，及時組織動用(yong)(yong)儲(chu)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)，確(que)(que)保救災(zai)用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)(he)市場應急(ji)用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)。