索 引 號： 07B040303201400122  信息所屬單位： 農村經濟體制與經營管理司
 信息名稱： 農業部關于促進家庭農場發展的指導意見 
 文    號： 農經發[2014]1號  
 生成日期： 2014年02月24日  公開日期： 2014年02月24日
 內容(rong)概述： 近年(nian)來各(ge)地順應形勢發展需要，積極培育(yu)和發展家庭農(nong)場，取(qu)得了初步成效，積累了一(yi)定經驗。為貫徹落實黨的十八屆三中全會(hui)、中央農(nong)村工作(zuo)會(hui)議精神(shen)和中央1號文(wen)件要求，加快構(gou)建新(xin)型農(nong)業經營體系，現(xian)就促進(jin)家庭農(nong)場發展提出以下意見。 

農業部關于促進家庭農場發展的指導意見

     近年來各地順應形勢(shi)發(fa)展需要(yao)，積極(ji)培育和發(fa)展家庭農(nong)場，取得(de)了(le)初步成(cheng)效，積累了(le)一(yi)定(ding)經驗。為貫徹(che)落實黨(dang)的十八屆三(san)中(zhong)全會、中(zhong)央農(nong)村工(gong)作會議精神和中(zhong)央1號(hao)文件要(yao)求，加快構建(jian)新(xin)型農(nong)業經營(ying)體系，現就促進家庭農(nong)場發(fa)展提出以下意見。

     一、充(chong)分(fen)認識促進家(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)場發展(zhan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)意義。當(dang)前，我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村發展(zhan)進入新階段(duan)，要(yao)應(ying)對農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)兼業(ye)(ye)化(hua)、農(nong)(nong)村空心(xin)化(hua)、農(nong)(nong)民老齡化(hua)，解決誰來種(zhong)地(di)、怎樣種(zhong)好(hao)地(di)的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，亟需加快構建新型農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營體(ti)(ti)系。家(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)場作(zuo)為新型農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營主體(ti)(ti)，以農(nong)(nong)民家(jia)庭(ting)成員(yuan)為主要(yao)勞動力，以農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營收入為主要(yao)收入來源，利用(yong)家(jia)庭(ting)承包(bao)(bao)土(tu)地(di)或流轉(zhuan)土(tu)地(di)，從事規(gui)模化(hua)、集約化(hua)、商品(pin)化(hua)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)，保留了農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)家(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營的(de)(de)內(nei)核，堅持了家(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營的(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)性地(di)位，適合(he)我國(guo)基(ji)本國(guo)情(qing)，符合(he)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)特點，契合(he)經(jing)濟社會發展(zhan)階段(duan)，是農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)家(jia)庭(ting)承包(bao)(bao)經(jing)營的(de)(de)升級版(ban)，已成為引領適度規(gui)模經(jing)營、發展(zhan)現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)有(you)生(sheng)力量。各級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部門要(yao)充(chong)分(fen)認識發展(zhan)家(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)場的(de)(de)重要(yao)意義，把這項(xiang)工(gong)作(zuo)擺上重要(yao)議事日程(cheng)，切(qie)實加強政策扶持和工(gong)作(zuo)指(zhi)導。

     二、把(ba)握家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)基本(ben)特(te)征。現階段，家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)者主要(yao)是(shi)農(nong)(nong)民或其他(ta)長(chang)期從事農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的人員(yuan)(yuan)，主要(yao)依(yi)靠家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)成員(yuan)(yuan)而不是(shi)依(yi)靠雇工從事生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)活動(dong)。家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)專(zhuan)門從事農(nong)(nong)業(ye)，主要(yao)進行種(zhong)養(yang)業(ye)專(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)者大都(dou)接(jie)受過農(nong)(nong)業(ye)教育或技能(neng)(neng)培訓(xun)，經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)管(guan)理水平較高，示范帶(dai)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)力較強，具有(you)商品農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)(neng)力。家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)規模適(shi)度，種(zhong)養(yang)規模與(yu)家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)成員(yuan)(yuan)的勞(lao)動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)(neng)力和(he)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)管(guan)理能(neng)(neng)力相適(shi)應，符合當地(di)(di)確(que)(que)定(ding)的規模經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)標準，收入(ru)水平能(neng)(neng)與(yu)當地(di)(di)城鎮居民相當，實現較高的土地(di)(di)產(chan)出率、勞(lao)動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)率和(he)資源利用率。各地(di)(di)要(yao)正確(que)(que)把(ba)握家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)特(te)征，從實際出發，根據產(chan)業(ye)特(te)點(dian)和(he)家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)發展進程，引導其健康發展。

     三、明確工作指導要(yao)(yao)求。在(zai)我國，家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)作為新(xin)生(sheng)事物，還處在(zai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)起(qi)步階(jie)段。當前主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)鼓(gu)勵(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、支持(chi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，并(bing)在(zai)實踐中不(bu)斷探索、逐步規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)。發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)要(yao)(yao)緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞提高農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合(he)生(sheng)產能力、促進(jin)糧(liang)食生(sheng)產、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增效和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)增收來開展(zhan)，要(yao)(yao)重點(dian)鼓(gu)勵(li)和(he)扶持(chi)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)糧(liang)食規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產。要(yao)(yao)堅(jian)持(chi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村基本經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)制度，以家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)承包(bao)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)為基礎，在(zai)土(tu)地(di)承包(bao)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)權有(you)(you)(you)序流轉的(de)基礎上，結合(he)培育新(xin)型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)主(zhu)體和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)適度規(gui)(gui)模(mo)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)，通過政(zheng)策扶持(chi)、示(shi)范(fan)(fan)引(yin)導、完善服(fu)(fu)務(wu)，積(ji)極穩妥地(di)加以推(tui)進(jin)。要(yao)(yao)充分認(ren)識(shi)(shi)到(dao)，在(zai)相(xiang)當長時(shi)期內普(pu)通農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶仍是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)基礎，在(zai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)的(de)同時(shi)，不(bu)能忽視(shi)普(pu)通農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶的(de)地(di)位(wei)和(he)作用。要(yao)(yao)充分認(ren)識(shi)(shi)到(dao)，不(bu)斷發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)起(qi)來的(de)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)、集體經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)、合(he)作經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)等多種(zhong)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)方式，各具特色、各有(you)(you)(you)優(you)勢(shi)，家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)與專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)戶、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)合(he)作社、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)組織、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、社會化(hua)(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)組織等多種(zhong)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)主(zhu)體，都(dou)有(you)(you)(you)各自的(de)適應性和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)空間，發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)不(bu)排斥其它農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)形(xing)式和(he)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)主(zhu)體，不(bu)只追求一(yi)種(zhong)模(mo)式、一(yi)個(ge)標準(zhun)。要(yao)(yao)充分認(ren)識(shi)(shi)到(dao)，家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)漸進(jin)過程，要(yao)(yao)靠農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)自主(zhu)選擇(ze)，防止脫離(li)當地(di)實際、違背農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)意愿、片面(mian)追求超(chao)大(da)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)傾向，人為歸大(da)堆、壘(lei)大(da)戶。

     四、探索建(jian)立家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場管理(li)服務制度。為增(zeng)強扶持政策的精準性、指向(xiang)性，縣級農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部門(men)要(yao)建(jian)立家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場檔案，縣以上農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部門(men)可(ke)從當地實際出發，明確家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場認定(ding)標準，對(dui)經營(ying)者資格、勞動力結構、收入構成、經營(ying)規模(mo)、管理(li)水平(ping)(ping)等提出相應要(yao)求。各地要(yao)積極開(kai)展示范家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場創(chuang)建(jian)活動，建(jian)立和(he)發布示范家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場名錄，引(yin)導(dao)和(he)促進家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場提高經營(ying)管理(li)水平(ping)(ping)。依照自(zi)愿原則，家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場可(ke)自(zi)主決定(ding)辦理(li)工商注(zhu)冊(ce)登(deng)記，以取得(de)相應市場主體資格。

     五、引(yin)導(dao)(dao)承包土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)向家(jia)庭(ting)農場流(liu)轉(zhuan)。健全土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)服務體系，為流(liu)轉(zhuan)雙方提供信(xin)息發布、政策咨(zi)詢、價(jia)格(ge)評估、合同(tong)簽訂指導(dao)(dao)等便捷服務。引(yin)導(dao)(dao)和鼓(gu)勵(li)家(jia)庭(ting)農場經營者(zhe)通過實物(wu)計租貨(huo)幣結算、租金動態(tai)調整、土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經營權入股(gu)保底分紅(hong)等利益(yi)分配方式，穩(wen)定土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)關系，形(xing)成(cheng)適度的(de)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經營規(gui)模。鼓(gu)勵(li)有條件的(de)地(di)(di)(di)方將土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)確(que)權登(deng)記、互換并(bing)地(di)(di)(di)與農田基(ji)礎設(she)施建設(she)相結合，整合高標準農田建設(she)等項目(mu)資(zi)金，建設(she)連片成(cheng)方、旱澇(lao)保收的(de)農田，引(yin)導(dao)(dao)流(liu)向家(jia)庭(ting)農場等新型經營主體。

     六、落(luo)實對家庭(ting)農(nong)場(chang)的(de)相關扶(fu)持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。各級農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)門要將家庭(ting)農(nong)場(chang)納入現有支(zhi)農(nong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)扶(fu)持(chi)范圍，并予以傾(qing)斜(xie)，重點支(zhi)持(chi)家庭(ting)農(nong)場(chang)穩定經營規模、改(gai)善生產(chan)條件、提高技(ji)術水平、改(gai)進(jin)經營管(guan)理(li)等。加強(qiang)與有關部(bu)門溝通協(xie)調(diao)，推動落(luo)實涉農(nong)建(jian)設項目(mu)、財政(zheng)(zheng)補貼、稅(shui)收(shou)優惠、信貸支(zhi)持(chi)、抵(di)押(ya)擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)、農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)、設施用地(di)等相關政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，幫助解決(jue)家庭(ting)農(nong)場(chang)發展中遇到的(de)困難(nan)和問題。

     七、強化面向家庭農場的社會化服務。基層農業技術推廣機構要把家庭農場作為重要服務對象，有效提供農業技術推廣、優良品種引進、動植物疫病防控、質量檢測檢驗、農資供應和市場營銷等服務。支持有條件的家庭農場建設試驗示范基地，擔任農業科技示范戶，參與(yu)實施(shi)農業技術推廣項目。引導和(he)鼓勵(li)各(ge)類農業社(she)(she)會化服(fu)務組織開展面向(xiang)家庭農場的代耕(geng)代種代收、病蟲害統防統治(zhi)、肥料統配統施(shi)、集中育苗育秧、灌溉排水、貯藏保鮮等(deng)經營性社(she)(she)會化服(fu)務。

     八、完善家庭農場人才支撐政策(ce)。各地要(yao)加大對家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)經(jing)營者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)培(pei)訓力度(du)，確立培(pei)訓目標、豐富(fu)培(pei)訓內(nei)容(rong)、增強培(pei)訓實(shi)效，有計劃地開展培(pei)訓。要(yao)完善相(xiang)關政策(ce)措施，鼓勵(li)中(zhong)高等學校特別是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)職業(ye)(ye)院校畢業(ye)(ye)生、新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民和農(nong)(nong)(nong)村實(shi)用人才、務工經(jing)商返鄉人員(yuan)等興辦家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)。將家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)經(jing)營者(zhe)(zhe)納入新型(xing)職業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民、農(nong)(nong)(nong)村實(shi)用人才、“陽光工程(cheng)”等培(pei)育計劃。完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)職業(ye)(ye)教育制度(du)，鼓勵(li)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)經(jing)營者(zhe)(zhe)通過多種形式參加中(zhong)高等職業(ye)(ye)教育提高學歷層(ceng)次，取得職業(ye)(ye)資格(ge)證書(shu)或農(nong)(nong)(nong)民技術職稱(cheng)。

     九、引導家(jia)(jia)庭農場加強(qiang)(qiang)聯合(he)與(yu)合(he)作。引導從事(shi)同(tong)類農產品生產的家(jia)(jia)庭農場通(tong)過(guo)組(zu)(zu)建(jian)(jian)協會等方式(shi)，加強(qiang)(qiang)相(xiang)互(hu)交流與(yu)聯合(he)。鼓(gu)勵家(jia)(jia)庭農場牽(qian)頭(tou)或(huo)參與(yu)組(zu)(zu)建(jian)(jian)合(he)作社(she)，帶動其他農戶(hu)共同(tong)發(fa)展。鼓(gu)勵工商企(qi)業通(tong)過(guo)訂單農業、示范基地等方式(shi)，與(yu)家(jia)(jia)庭農場建(jian)(jian)立(li)穩(wen)定的利益聯結機(ji)制，提高(gao)農業組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)化程度。

     十、加強(qiang)組織領(ling)導。各(ge)級農(nong)(nong)業部門要(yao)深入調查研(yan)究，積極向黨委、政府(fu)反(fan)映情(qing)況、提出建議(yi)，研(yan)究制定本地區促(cu)進家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)發(fa)展的政策措施，加強(qiang)與發(fa)改、財政、工(gong)(gong)商、國(guo)土、金融、保險等部門協(xie)作配合，形成工(gong)(gong)作合力(li)，共同推進家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)健康(kang)發(fa)展。要(yao)加強(qiang)對家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)財務(wu)管理和經(jing)營指(zhi)導，做好(hao)家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)統計調查工(gong)(gong)作。及(ji)時總結家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)發(fa)展過程中的好(hao)經(jing)驗、好(hao)做法(fa)，充分運用各(ge)類新(xin)聞媒體(ti)加強(qiang)宣傳，營造良好(hao)社會氛圍。

     國有農(nong)場(chang)可參照本意見，對農(nong)場(chang)職工興(xing)辦家庭農(nong)場(chang)給予指導(dao)和扶持。