近日,巨鹿縣農技人員下鄉發現,今年谷子白發病發病發生較往年較重。從調查情況來看,病害發生面積大,發生病株率高。谷子白發病是系統性侵染病害,以土壤傳播為主。從種子萌芽到成熟(shu),各(ge)生長期表(biao)現不同(tong)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。受侵染后在各(ge)個生育階(jie)段和(he)不同(tong)器官上陸續顯露(lu)出不同(tong)的(de)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang),因而獲(huo)得不同(tong)的(de)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)名稱,如:“芽腐”、“灰背”、“白尖”、“槍桿”、“白發”和(he)“刺猬頭”(看(kan)谷老)。建(jian)議來年采取(qu)種子處理為(wei)主,農業(ye)防(fang)治為(wei)輔(fu)方法防(fang)治。
1、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子處理(li)。用35%甲霜靈拌(ban)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)劑(ji)按種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子量(liang)(liang)0.2%~0.3%直(zhi)接干拌(ban)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)加水(shui)濕(shi)拌(ban),或(huo)50%甲霜銅可(ke)濕(shi)性粉(fen)劑(ji)按種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子量(liang)(liang)0.3%一0.4%%拌(ban)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong), 95%惡霉(mei)靈精(jing)品按種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重量(liang)(liang)0.1%的藥(yao)量(liang)(liang)拌(ban)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。拌(ban)后(hou)應立即播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
2、農業防治。合理輪作,輕病區兩年輪作,重病地塊則應實行三年輪作。輪作作物有與小麥、豆類(lei)、薯(shu)類(lei)等(deng)。注意保墑,適期播(bo)種,適當淺播(bo),以(yi)促進苗(miao)(miao)早、苗(miao)(miao)壯,減少(shao)侵染機會。拔(ba)除(chu)灰背、白尖(jian)病(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)可有效防治來年(nian)白發(fa)(fa)病(bing)的發(fa)(fa)生,要在病(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卵孢子散(san)落前拔(ba)除(chu),拔(ba)除(chu)病(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要帶出(chu)田外集中燒(shao)毀,不要用以(yi)喂牲畜及漚肥。













