記者從山東省臨沂市物價局了解到，今秋臨沂秋糧再獲大豐收，可秋糧利潤卻“大跳水”，其中玉米，降幅達67.35%。
近日，臨(lin)沂(yi)市物價局對(dui)郯城縣(xian)、蒼山縣(xian)、臨(lin)沭縣(xian)等三個縣(xian)的秋糧生產(chan)(chan)、市場情況的專題調查顯(xian)示，今年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)臨(lin)沂(yi)市秋糧種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)583.52萬畝(mu)(mu)，比(bi)去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)587.97萬畝(mu)(mu)減少(shao)4.45萬畝(mu)(mu)，減少(shao)0.76%；平均畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)463.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)，比(bi)去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)449.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)13.7公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)，增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)3.05%。玉(yu)米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)401.73萬畝(mu)(mu)，比(bi)去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)398.95萬畝(mu)(mu)增(zeng)(zeng)加2.77萬畝(mu)(mu)，增(zeng)(zeng)加0.69%；平均畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)455.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)，比(bi)去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)440.6公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)15.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)，增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)3.45%。可根據農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)成本(ben)調查數據，今年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)臨(lin)沂(yi)市農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)調查戶玉(yu)米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)平均產(chan)(chan)值為(wei)1135.19元(yuan)/畝(mu)(mu)，比(bi)去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低(di)9.35%，每畝(mu)(mu)凈利潤僅114.96元(yuan)，比(bi)去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低(di)67.35%，種(zhong)(zhong)糧效益的低(di)下，嚴重影響(xiang)了農民(min)種(zhong)(zhong)糧的積(ji)極性。
據了解，今年臨沂市農調戶玉米畝均生產成本1020.23元，比去年增長13.33%，種子、化(hua)肥、機(ji)耕、機(ji)收費(fei)用(yong)均有所上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)。2013年(nian)度(du)玉米化(hua)肥支出(chu)212.42元/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)205.63元/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)增長了(le)3.30%；農業機(ji)械化(hua)程度(du)逐步(bu)提(ti)高，機(ji)耕、機(ji)收比例上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)，費(fei)用(yong)支出(chu)也(ye)相應增加，機(ji)械作業費(fei)用(yong)60.93元/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)54.04元/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)增長了(le)12.75%；受天氣影響，排(pai)灌(guan)費(fei)上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)明顯，從去年(nian)11.11元/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)至(zhi)今年(nian)19.29元/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，漲(zhang)幅為73.63%。此外，人(ren)工成本、農藥(yao)費(fei)、工具(ju)費(fei)都有不(bu)同程度(du)的上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)。
目前糧食企業收購玉米價格1.16元/斤左右，處于年度低點，與去年價格基本持平。與上一年度相比較，今年秋糧收購期受氣候影響導致收獲期延遲。調查糧食企業和農戶大部分認為今后玉米價格仍有上漲的空間。目前小麥價格(ge)為(wei)1.31元/斤(jin)，價格(ge)的(de)上漲使得(de)飼(si)料(liao)加工企業基本(ben)放棄了小麥作為(wei)原料(liao)，從而使得(de)玉米(mi)(mi)需求量(liang)(liang)大(da)增。同時，由(you)于目前的(de)玉米(mi)(mi)價格(ge)遠未(wei)達(da)到農民心理預(yu)期，農戶(hu)手(shou)中還有(you)一定數量(liang)(liang)的(de)玉米(mi)(mi)。此外玉米(mi)(mi)生產成本(ben)持(chi)續增加，價格(ge)也難以回落(luo)，這些因素支(zhi)撐目前價格(ge)底線，使得(de)玉米(mi)(mi)價格(ge)依然有(you)反(fan)彈空(kong)間(jian)。但是由(you)于國際(ji)玉米(mi)(mi)豐收，價格(ge)遠低國內，同時受糧食深(shen)加工企業虧損(sun)、冬季飼(si)料(liao)用量(liang)(liang)減(jian)少等(deng)因素影響，預(yu)計(ji)玉米(mi)(mi)市場將呈(cheng)現溫和上揚的(de)基調。（王眾 張偉(wei)）
