種子產(chan)業是推動(dong)農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)地(di)流轉(zhuan)的有(you)效途徑。近(jin)年來(lai)，玉門(men)市通過大力發展制(zhi)種(zhong)產(chan)業，有(you)效推動(dong)了(le)農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)地(di)流轉(zhuan)向產(chan)業大戶和重點產(chan)業集中，實施了(le)土(tu)(tu)地(di)集約化、規(gui)模化經營。近(jin)期，玉門(men)市種(zhong)子管理(li)站抽(chou)調專門(men)力量，深入(ru)(ru)鄉(xiang)村(cun)開(kai)展了(le)農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)地(di)流轉(zhuan)制(zhi)度改革對種(zhong)子產(chan)業發展影(ying)響(xiang)的調研。現(xian)編入(ru)(ru)種(zhong)業信息，供各級(ji)領導(dao)和有(you)關部(bu)門(men)參閱。

    一、基本情況

    1、全市農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)情況(kuang)。我市農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)起步(bu)(bu)始于(yu)上(shang)世紀80年(nian)(nian)代中(zhong)后(hou)期，最初形式多為外出(chu)務(wu)工農(nong)民(min)無(wu)償請人代耕自已(yi)的(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，屬于(yu)自發(fa)的(de)(de)零(ling)星流轉(zhuan)；從90年(nian)(nian)代開始農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)逐步(bu)(bu)從自發(fa)向有組織、有規(gui)模(mo)(mo)轉(zhuan)變；進入本(ben)世紀后(hou)，農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)性、組織化(hua)、規(gui)模(mo)(mo)化(hua)明(ming)顯(xian)增強，流轉(zhuan)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)趨(qu)于(yu)擴(kuo)大，流轉(zhuan)進程趨(qu)于(yu)加(jia)快(kuai)。近年(nian)(nian)來，我市各級緊緊圍繞(rao)市委、市政府提出(chu)的(de)(de)“建(jian)大龍頭、帶(dai)大基地(di)(di)(di)(di)、興大產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)、占(zhan)大市場”的(de)(de)總體發(fa)展思路(lu)和“一(yi)特四化(hua)”農(nong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展目標，充分發(fa)揮自然資源優(you)勢，以土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)促(cu)(cu)適度規(gui)模(mo)(mo)經營為突破口，積(ji)極探索農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)帶(dai)動(dong)現代高效(xiao)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展路(lu)子，促(cu)(cu)進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)向業(ye)(ye)主集(ji)中(zhong)，規(gui)模(mo)(mo)經營集(ji)中(zhong)，主導產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)集(ji)中(zhong)，特別是在制種產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)等一(yi)些主導產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)強力帶(dai)動(dong)下，使全市農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)步(bu)(bu)伐明(ming)顯(xian)加(jia)快(kuai)，規(gui)模(mo)(mo)不斷擴(kuo)大，效(xiao)應逐步(bu)(bu)凸顯(xian)。農(nong)村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)面積(ji)從2003年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)0.23萬畝(mu)(mu)，上(shang)升到2007年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)0.43萬畝(mu)(mu)，2008年(nian)(nian)底已(yi)達到2.28萬畝(mu)(mu)，是2003年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)9.9倍(bei)。

    2、全市種子產業現狀。近幾年來，在各級政府和農業、種子管理部門的大力引導下，我市種子產業迅速發展。 2008年，全市有15家制種公司在6個鄉鎮、24個村、67個組、1890多戶農戶落實了制種田，制種面積達 15451畝，其中：玉米制種(zhong)(zhong)4878畝(mu)，蔬菜制種(zhong)(zhong)4652畝(mu)，瓜類制種(zhong)(zhong)1918畝(mu)，油葵(kui)制種(zhong)(zhong)1638畝(mu)，花卉制種(zhong)(zhong)426畝(mu)，其(qi)它制種(zhong)(zhong)1939畝(mu)。制種(zhong)(zhong)面積(ji)全部實(shi)行定單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)植，年(nian)制種(zhong)(zhong)總收入達2317.5萬元，制種(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)已成(cheng)為(wei)我市(shi)農(nong)民增收的(de)主導產(chan)(chan)業(ye)，為(wei)全市(shi)農(nong)村經濟發展和農(nong)民收入增加起到了積(ji)極的(de)促進作用。

    二、土地流轉對種子產業發展產生的影響

    1、農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)推動了(le)(le)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)取決(jue)于地(di)理條件和自(zi)然環境，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)實行家庭承包以來(lai)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)分散(san)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)給制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)造成了(le)(le)技術規(gui)程上的障礙，農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)組織化程度(du)低(di)、企業(ye)(ye)(ye)與農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)連接渠道不(bu)暢是制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的主(zhu)要因素。《農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)承包法(fa)》頒布(bu)實施后(hou)，賦予了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民長期而穩定的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)承包經(jing)營權，并且(qie)按(an)照“依法(fa)、自(zi)愿、有償”的原(yuan)則，推行農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)和發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)適度(du)規(gui)模經(jing)營，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)為(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)帶(dai)來(lai)了(le)(le)無限生(sheng)機，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)通過租賃農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)、落實訂單種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)等多種(zhong)(zhong)形式發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)基地(di)，規(gui)模不(bu)斷(duan)擴大。2003年，全市土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)0.23萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)0.20萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)；2007年，全市土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)0.43萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)0.60萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)；2008年，全市土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)2.28萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)達到(dao)了(le)(le)1.54萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，從發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨勢(shi)上看，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)推進了(le)(le)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)同(tong)(tong)時(shi)也帶(dai)動了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，兩者成為(wei)相互促進，共同(tong)(tong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)態勢(shi)。

    2、制種企業發展基地為農村土地流轉搭建了平臺。隨著農村土地流轉規模的逐步擴大和產業結構的不斷調整，種子生產企業充分利用良好的發展空間，積極籌措資金，加大對基地建設的投入，各鄉村采取“公司?農戶”的發展模式，大力發展和培育具有一定規模的種子生產基地。2007年以來，酒泉酒洲種業公司通過土地流轉在柳河、下西號鄉形成了以番茄、葫蘆、南瓜、西瓜、蔬(shu)菜種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)5000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)繁(fan)育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)；敦(dun)煌種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)玉門市種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公司(si)(si)在清(qing)泉、柳(liu)河(he)鄉形成了(le)以(yi)雜交玉米、油(you)葵種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)3000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)繁(fan)育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)；酒泉慶(qing)和種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)公司(si)(si)在赤金(jin)(jin)鎮(zhen)形成了(le)以(yi)波(bo)菜雜交種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)500畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)生產基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)；玉門豐匯(hui)種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)公司(si)(si)在玉門鎮(zhen)、下西號、柳(liu)河(he)、黃閘灣(wan)鄉形成了(le)以(yi)番茄(qie)、波(bo)菜、菜心、蘿卜(bu)、花卉種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)2000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)繁(fan)育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)；紐(niu)內姆（北(bei)京）種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公司(si)(si)計劃在赤金(jin)(jin)鎮(zhen)建成集(ji)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)(zhuan)、勞務輸轉(zhuan)(zhuan)、節(jie)水灌溉、日光溫室、蔬(shu)菜制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)一體(ti)的(de)(de)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)1000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。2008年(nian)，紐(niu)內姆種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公司(si)(si)通(tong)過土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，租賃赤金(jin)(jin)鎮(zhen)朝陽村(cun)農戶集(ji)體(ti)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)150畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，投(tou)資385萬元建成網(wang)式制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)12畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，2.5公里的(de)(de)封閉圍欄，架設(she)130畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)節(jie)水滴(di)灌管線，建成無害化(hua)鋼架溫棚8座(zuo)、高標準育(yu)苗棚10座(zuo)，還通(tong)過與農戶聯(lian)合形式共落實番茄(qie)、西瓜，辣(la)椒(jiao)、蔬(shu)菜等制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)面積500畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。目前，全市制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)已達到16家(jia)，今年(nian)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)面積將突破(po)2萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。推行農村(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，打破(po)了(le)傳統意(yi)義上一家(jia)一戶分散經(jing)營的(de)(de)小(xiao)農經(jing)濟格局(ju)，使土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)得以(yi)連片集(ji)約、規模經(jing)營，這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)發展格局(ju)不僅(jin)為(wei)(wei)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)壯(zhuang)大基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)搭建了(le)平(ping)臺，而且(qie)有(you)效推動(dong)了(le)效益農業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展。

    3、種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)為農(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)創(chuang)造(zao)了就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)空間。制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)密集型勞(lao)(lao)(lao)務產(chan)業(ye)(ye)，用工季節性強，發(fa)展制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)解(jie)決當地(di)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)問題最直接、最有(you)效的途(tu)徑。2008年，紐內(nei)姆種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公司在赤金鎮朝陽村(cun)租(zu)賃22戶農(nong)(nong)戶承包地(di)，建(jian)成(cheng)150畝高標準封閉式制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)基地(di)，常年用工50人(ren)左右，傳授花(hua)粉時用工可達300人(ren)以(yi)上。為解(jie)決土地(di)流轉戶勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)再就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)問題，村(cun)委(wei)會與該公司協(xie)商(shang)，安(an)排(pai)流轉戶勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)15人(ren)長期在基地(di)從事勞(lao)(lao)(lao)務輸出，每人(ren)月工資(zi)800-1000元，使土地(di)流轉戶獲得租(zu)賃、勞(lao)(lao)(lao)務雙收益。2009年，全(quan)市(shi)建(jian)成(cheng)2萬畝制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)基地(di)，預計有(you)8000農(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)在基地(di)從事勞(lao)(lao)(lao)務輸出，將有(you)效拉動(dong)(dong)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)輸轉。

    三、存在的主要問題

    1、土(tu)(tu)地流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)行(xing)為(wei)不規范。當前，我市農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)地流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)行(xing)為(wei)不規范主要表現在(zai)：農(nong)民(min)自行(xing)流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)多(duo)，報鄉鎮村(cun)批準(zhun)備(bei)案的(de)(de)少，口頭協議多(duo)，書面協議少；雙(shuang)方(fang)約(yue)定不明(ming)的(de)(de)多(duo)，約(yue)定明(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)少；書面協議內容(rong)不規范的(de)(de)多(duo)，內容(rong)規范的(de)(de)少。目前，全市在(zai)農(nong)村(cun)經營管理(li)部門登(deng)記(ji)、備(bei)案或(huo)鑒證的(de)(de)農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)地流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)面積不足40%，相當一(yi)部分農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)地流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)沒有簽訂流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)合同(tong)。即(ji)使(shi)某些農(nong)戶私(si)下簽訂合同(tong)的(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)行(xing)為(wei)，也(ye)存在(zai)著形式(shi)不規范，內容(rong)過(guo)于簡單(dan)，條(tiao)款不完整，對于流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)雙(shuang)方(fang)的(de)(de)權利義務(wu)及違(wei)約(yue)責(ze)任缺乏明(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)規定，流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)雙(shuang)方(fang)維(wei)權不利的(de)(de)情況(kuang)普遍(bian)存在(zai)。

    2、制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)設不規范，存(cun)在無(wu)序競爭現象。2009年以前(qian)(qian)，尚未建(jian)立(li)農作物(wu)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)認定制(zhi)度(du)，沒有(you)向村委(wei)會頒發(fa)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)認定證書，企(qi)業(ye)與基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)村委(wei)會脫節，企(qi)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)只(zhi)能依靠當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)農戶代辦，有(you)些制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)企(qi)業(ye)為減少投入(ru)，實(shi)現眼前(qian)(qian)利益(yi)最(zui)大(da)化，采取一些不正當(dang)、不科學手段落實(shi)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)，造成(cheng)無(wu)序競爭，嚴重影響(xiang)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)企(qi)業(ye)在我市創建(jian)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和長期(qi)發(fa)展(zhan)的積極性。

    3、農(nong)企(qi)利(li)益關系不順，協調(diao)(diao)機(ji)(ji)制不健全(quan)。主要(yao)表現在企(qi)業、農(nong)戶(hu)自(zi)律誠(cheng)信(xin)和履(lv)行合同意識不強，制種農(nong)民(min)組織(zhi)化程度(du)低，自(zi)我約束力差，不遵守(shou)合同、履(lv)行責任(ren)的(de)現象(xiang)時有(you)(you)發生(sheng)。個別(bie)企(qi)業不能如期履(lv)行制種合同，不遵守(shou)誠(cheng)信(xin)準(zhun)則(ze)，采取惡(e)意和非(fei)法(fa)競(jing)爭手(shou)段，擾亂種子生(sheng)產有(you)(you)序(xu)(xu)競(jing)爭秩(zhi)序(xu)(xu)。鄉(xiang)村協調(diao)(diao)機(ji)(ji)制不健全(quan)，農(nong)企(qi)溝通(tong)難(nan)、協調(diao)(diao)難(nan)問題(ti)較為突出(chu)。

    4、制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)潛(qian)在風(feng)(feng)險大(da)，風(feng)(feng)險化解機制(zhi)尚未建立(li)。制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)業存在很大(da)的自(zi)然和(he)市場風(feng)(feng)險，與(yu)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)戶沒有(you)形(xing)成(cheng)“利益共(gong)享、風(feng)(feng)險共(gong)擔(dan)”密切、平等關系(xi)，所(suo)造成(cheng)損失往往主要由制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)企業承擔(dan)。同時(shi)，既(ji)沒有(you)建立(li)種(zhong)(zhong)業風(feng)(feng)險保障機制(zhi)也沒有(you)政府引導下的制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)業商(shang)業保險業務，一旦出現問題政府也很難處理，既(ji)影(ying)響(xiang)企業的發展，也影(ying)響(xiang)農(nong)民制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)積極性和(he)農(nong)村(cun)穩定(ding)。

    5、良種繁育體系不健全，政策覆蓋不到位。糧食作物的良種補貼和貯備是提高糧食綜合生產能力的重要舉措，但目前良種補貼和良種貯備制度化尚未普遍建立，國家小麥良(liang)種補貼政策沒有真正落(luo)實到種糧農(nong)戶手中，從而導(dao)致農(nong)民以(yi)糧代種，優良(liang)新(xin)品種推廣(guang)困難。

    6、企(qi)業(ye)競爭力不(bu)強，生產(chan)(chan)發(fa)展(zhan)后勁(jing)不(bu)足(zu)。目前，全市(shi)有種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)經營門點65家，種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)生產(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)16家，從我市(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)企(qi)業(ye)現(xian)狀看，普遍(bian)存(cun)在(zai)規模小(xiao)、實力弱(ruo)、競爭力不(bu)強的情況，有些生產(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)還存(cun)在(zai)“三(san)證(zheng)”不(bu)全，違規生產(chan)(chan)的問題。現(xian)階段對企(qi)業(ye)一方(fang)(fang)面專項優惠措施不(bu)夠(gou)，另一方(fang)(fang)面企(qi)業(ye)核心競爭力弱(ruo)，新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)研發(fa)能(neng)力差(cha)，生產(chan)(chan)、管理投入(ru)不(bu)足(zu)，形成(cheng)名牌(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)和知名品(pin)牌(pai)的少，制約(yue)了(le)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)后勁(jing)。

    四、對策及建議

    按照國家農業(ye)(ye)部(bu)制(zhi)定的“把甘(gan)肅建設成為世界(jie)級種(zhong)子生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地”的發展(zhan)規劃，緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞 “一特四化(hua)”農業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)目標(biao)，進一步探(tan)索土(tu)地流轉推(tui)進種(zhong)子產(chan)業(ye)(ye)、種(zhong)子產(chan)業(ye)(ye)帶動土(tu)地流轉的有效措(cuo)施，加快我市高效制(zhi)種(zhong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)，按照“專業(ye)(ye)化(hua)布(bu)局、產(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)經營、標(biao)準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)、技能化(hua)培訓”的要求，大力發展(zhan)現代(dai)制(zhi)種(zhong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)，著力推(tui)動農業(ye)(ye)增效、農民增收(shou)。

    1、建(jian)立土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)市(shi)場(chang)體系(xi)(xi)，加(jia)快土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)市(shi)場(chang)培(pei)育。積極(ji)扶持和(he)(he)(he)(he)培(pei)育農村土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)中介組(zu)織，使(shi)之成為農村土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)雙方(fang)的(de)橋梁和(he)(he)(he)(he)紐(niu)帶，由農村土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)中介組(zu)織來(lai)收(shou)集和(he)(he)(he)(he)發布土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)供求信(xin)息，對流轉(zhuan)土(tu)地(di)(di)進行(xing)評估、托管、儲備(bei)、招商，指(zhi)導和(he)(he)(he)(he)協助辦(ban)理土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)手續等，使(shi)土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)朝市(shi)場(chang)化運作和(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)化服務(wu)方(fang)向發展，降低土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)的(de)成本(ben)和(he)(he)(he)(he)風險，提(ti)高流轉(zhuan)效率(lv)。在此(ci)基(ji)礎上(shang)，建(jian)立玉(yu)門市(shi)農村土(tu)地(di)(di)承包與(yu)流轉(zhuan)管理信(xin)息化網絡系(xi)(xi)統，搜集和(he)(he)(he)(he)發布土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉(zhuan)的(de)供需、市(shi)場(chang)價格(ge)等信(xin)息資料(liao)，搞(gao)好(hao)情況統計、分析和(he)(he)(he)(he)預測，公開(kai)對外進行(xing)發布，為農戶和(he)(he)(he)(he)制種企業能及時、準確獲得可靠信(xin)息搭建(jian)平臺。

    2、加強(qiang)制(zhi)種(zhong)基地的統一規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、協(xie)調(diao)、組(zu)織管理(li)。市(shi)政府應根據(ju)(ju)種(zhong)業(ye)發展(zhan)產(chan)業(ye)區(qu)(qu)、產(chan)業(ye)帶的要(yao)求，做出種(zhong)業(ye)發展(zhan)的具體規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，并監督協(xie)調(diao)各鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)完成實施規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)；鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)要(yao)根據(ju)(ju)全市(shi)制(zhi)種(zhong)基地規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)布局,協(xie)調(diao)組(zu)織、指導、督促(cu)各村(cun)制(zhi)種(zhong)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)的落(luo)實，包括制(zhi)種(zhong)隔離(li)區(qu)(qu)、供水、企業(ye)和制(zhi)種(zhong)戶(hu)服務等(deng)事項；各村(cun)要(yao)根據(ju)(ju)市(shi)、鄉(xiang)（鎮(zhen)）制(zhi)種(zhong)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)要(yao)求負責組(zu)織，協(xie)調(diao)本村(cun)制(zhi)種(zhong)戶(hu)的隔離(li)區(qu)(qu)、供水，企業(ye)和制(zhi)種(zhong)戶(hu)服務工作。

    3、提高農(nong)民(min)組織(zhi)化程度(du)，探索(suo)制(zhi)(zhi)種農(nong)企(qi)合(he)作機制(zhi)(zhi)。各制(zhi)(zhi)種區要成立制(zhi)(zhi)種專業(ye)(ye)合(he)作協會(hui)(hui)，通過(guo)協會(hui)(hui)統一村民(min)意志，協調約束(shu)村民(min)行(xing)(xing)為，維(wei)護會(hui)(hui)員利益，研究(jiu)制(zhi)(zhi)種技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)。由協會(hui)(hui)統一與企(qi)業(ye)(ye)簽(qian)定種子生產合(he)同(tong)，對等(deng)(deng)雙方(fang)的(de)權利義務(wu)(wu)，協會(hui)(hui)再與各會(hui)(hui)員簽(qian)合(he)同(tong)。通過(guo)協會(hui)(hui)約束(shu)管理、協調制(zhi)(zhi)種隔(ge)離區、供水，農(nong)企(qi)利益，合(he)同(tong)實施(shi)，制(zhi)(zhi)種企(qi)業(ye)(ye)選擇(ze)，防止種子套(tao)購，技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)服務(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)各方(fang)面工(gong)作。企(qi)業(ye)(ye)負責制(zhi)(zhi)種技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)程的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)定和執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)，農(nong)民(min)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)培訓和實地技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)指導(dao)，種子收購銷售等(deng)(deng)事(shi)務(wu)(wu)。

    4、建立制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)譽等級(ji)評定(ding)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。種(zhong)子管理(li)部門要(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)訂(ding)種(zhong)子企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)譽標(biao)準(zhun)，每年(nian)進行(xing)評定(ding)，對信(xin)譽好的(de)龍(long)頭企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)優(you)先安排(pai)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)基(ji)地，政(zheng)府給(gei)予優(you)惠政(zheng)策扶持(chi)；對信(xin)益差的(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)在社(she)會上公開暴光，并設置退出的(de)門檻。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)必須與制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)農(nong)戶或(huo)農(nong)民合作組織簽訂(ding)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)合同(tong)，并使用省農(nong)牧廳統一的(de)《制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)合同(tong)文本》。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與農(nong)戶簽約(yue)后經鄉鎮司法所(suo)鑒證后，應在15日內(nei)到(dao)市種(zhong)子管理(li)站備案。

    5、加大對種業發展的扶持力度。創優投資與發展環境，全面落實發展種業優惠政策，科技項目(mu)應向種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)傾(qing)斜，加(jia)大資金、金融(rong)、財(cai)稅支持力度，如：良種(zhong)補貼、良種(zhong)研發(fa)(fa)、種(zhong)子檢驗(yan)監測。探索設立種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展專項資金，用于支持種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展。積極協調(diao)金融(rong)部(bu)門加(jia)大對種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展的信貸支持。

    6、建立制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產業保(bao)險制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。積極探討制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)風險保(bao)障機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)政府的扶(fu)持下盡(jin)快建立種(zhong)(zhong)業商業保(bao)險，按(an)農業優惠保(bao)險規(gui)定給予制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)風險賠償，規(gui)避干(gan)旱、風災、冰雹、凍害、高(gao)溫、病蟲或其它不可(ke)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)素(su)所造成制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產量和質量損失，確保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)業可(ke)持續發(fa)展(zhan)。