育(yu)(yu)苗處理:通常來講,扦插(cha)育(yu)(yu)苗在培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)過程中(zhong),需將(jiang)插(cha)條分成長(chang)為15厘米(mi)的小段進行(xing)培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu),待傷口風(feng)干(gan)后插(cha)入沙床,等到根生長(chang)至3-4厘米(mi)時(shi),將(jiang)其(qi)移栽到苗床。一般(ban)來說,在進行(xing)嫁(jia)接(jie)育(yu)(yu)苗時(shi),為了保證育(yu)(yu)苗質量和育(yu)(yu)苗效(xiao)率,應選擇無病(bing)蟲害、生長(chang)情況良(liang)好且莖肉飽(bao)滿的砧木。在晴天時(shi)進行(xing)嫁(jia)接(jie),最大化地(di)避免植株病(bing)蟲害發生。在培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)過程中(zhong),應將(jiang)火龍果莖切成平面,并將(jiang)其(qi)與同樣斜切、角度互補的穗一起(qi)嫁(jia)接(jie)到砧木上,然后用棉(mian)線捆綁固定。
合理控制種植密(mi)度(du):在(zai)火龍果種植時,為提高火龍果產量(liang)和(he)品質,需(xu)對火龍果生長情(qing)況進行全面分析,選擇合適的種植方式和(he)合理的密(mi)度(du)種植。
施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)管(guan)理(li):近年來(lai),人們(men)對火(huo)龍(long)果質量要求(qiu)不斷提高(gao)。為(wei)有(you)效(xiao)地提高(gao)火(huo)龍(long)果產量和品質,在(zai)火(huo)龍(long)果施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)管(guan)理(li)中,施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)操作(zuo)處理(li)必不可少。在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)時(shi),應遵循“少量、多次”的施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)原則。相關研究發現(xian),火(huo)龍(long)果生長期間對于磷(lin)、氮、鉀等肥(fei)料(liao)的需求(qiu)量較高(gao)。因此,在(zai)長期施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)管(guan)理(li)中,應均(jun)衡施(shi)(shi)(shi)撒磷(lin)、氮、鉀等復(fu)合肥(fei)料(liao),以(yi)促(cu)進火(huo)龍(long)果糖分有(you)效(xiao)積累。同時(shi),在(zai)火(huo)龍(long)果開花到結果的整個時(shi)間段中,為(wei)確保植株良好生長,還需額外(wai)地增施(shi)(shi)(shi)鉀肥(fei)和鎂肥(fei)。
間種(zhong)和人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)授粉(fen)(fen)(fen):火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)品種(zhong)主要(yao)有(you)白心(xin)火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)和紅心(xin)火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)。在種(zhong)植過程(cheng)中(zhong),需提(ti)高對間種(zhong)和人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)授粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重視。相關研究(jiu)發現(xian),火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)是典(dian)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)蟲(chong)媒(mei)花(hua)(hua)。為滿足人(ren)(ren)(ren)們對火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)產量的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu),在火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)種(zhong)植過程(cheng)中(zhong),通過采(cai)用人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)授粉(fen)(fen)(fen)方式提(ti)升火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)授粉(fen)(fen)(fen)率。在日(ri)落之前(qian)1小(xiao)時,用消過毒的(de)(de)(de)(de)毛筆蘸取花(hua)(hua)粉(fen)(fen)(fen),將花(hua)(hua)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)收(shou)集在容(rong)器中(zhong),再(zai)將花(hua)(hua)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)涂在雌蕊上,實現(xian)了人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)授粉(fen)(fen)(fen)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)授粉(fen)(fen)(fen)是增加火(huo)龍(long)(long)果(guo)(guo)產量的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)方式。
(柯善武)













