我市海拔800米以上區域水稻田面積約90萬畝,占全市水稻田總面積10%左右。長期以來,由于受諸多因素限制,水稻區域試驗點全部分布于海拔800米以下區域,篩選出的水稻品種只能在中、低海拔地區種植推廣。而高海拔地區水稻品種缺乏,農民只能憑經驗選擇種植一些未經審定品種,產量低而不穩。為了改變這個現狀,降低山區農民種植水稻的風險,重慶市種子管理站2013年選擇(ze)了(le)南川(chuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)大(da)有(you)(you)鎮(zhen)和(he)(he)(he)萬州區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)羅(luo)田(tian)鎮(zhen)進行區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)布點(dian)探(tan)索,這兩個(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)點(dian)的海拔高(gao)(gao)度(du)分別達到930米(mi)(mi)和(he)(he)(he)1000米(mi)(mi),具(ju)有(you)(you)高(gao)(gao)海拔區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域生(sheng)(sheng)態氣候特點(dian)。同時向市(shi)內育種(zhong)單位征集短生(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)11個(ge)(ge),以“汕窄(zhai)8號”為(wei)對照(zhao)。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)田(tian)間設置、管理和(he)(he)(he)記載均(jun)(jun)嚴格按照(zhao)雜交中秈稻區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)案執行,重點(dian)觀察各(ge)個(ge)(ge)參(can)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)、結(jie)(jie)(jie)實率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)(he)產(chan)量(liang),確保試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)篩(shai)(shai)選效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)。南川(chuan)和(he)(he)(he)萬州分別于3月(yue)(yue)28日和(he)(he)(he)4月(yue)(yue)3日播(bo)種(zhong),5月(yue)(yue)13日和(he)(he)(he)5月(yue)(yue)20日移栽。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)顯(xian)示(shi):南川(chuan)點(dian)所有(you)(you)參(can)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)結(jie)(jie)(jie)實率(lv)(lv)94.7%,畝(mu)產(chan)541.1公斤,比對照(zhao)(499.0公斤)增(zeng)(zeng)8.4%;各(ge)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)成(cheng)熟期(qi) 8月(yue)(yue)26日至(zhi)9月(yue)(yue)11日,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)生(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)159.4天(tian)(tian),變幅(fu)152—172天(tian)(tian),生(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)不超過(guo)(guo)對照(zhao)(151天(tian)(tian))5天(tian)(tian)的品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)4個(ge)(ge)。萬州試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)點(dian)所有(you)(you)參(can)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)結(jie)(jie)(jie)實率(lv)(lv)87.3%,千粒重28.0克(ke),畝(mu)產(chan)477.7公斤,比對照(zhao)(405.8公斤)增(zeng)(zeng)17.7%;各(ge)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)成(cheng)熟期(qi)8月(yue)(yue)16日至(zhi)9月(yue)(yue)20日,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)生(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)152.5天(tian)(tian),變幅(fu)135—170天(tian)(tian),生(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)不超過(guo)(guo)對照(zhao)(139天(tian)(tian))5天(tian)(tian)的品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)4個(ge)(ge)。對比兩個(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)點(dian)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo),同一(yi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)的主(zhu)要性狀、結(jie)(jie)(jie)實率(lv)(lv)、生(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)和(he)(he)(he)產(chan)量(liang)表現(xian)基(ji)本一(yi)致(zhi),試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)可靠。通過(guo)(guo)今年探(tan)索,初步發現(xian)綜(zong)合形狀較優并適(shi)合山(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)種(zhong)植的苗頭品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)4個(ge)(ge),為(wei)下一(yi)步篩(shai)(shai)選山(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)水稻品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)提供了(le)重要依(yi)據,試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)工(gong)作初見成(cheng)效(xiao)。(品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)科(ke) 撰(zhuan)稿)













