4月27日，記(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)下基層來到遼(liao)寧(ning)省義縣宣(xuan)傳部，何堯接待我們一(yi)行，并介紹了這個歷(li)史久遠的(de)古(gu)老(lao)縣城和當前(qian)的(de)發(fa)展方向、富民政策等(deng)等(deng)行之有效富民、強縣的(de)措施(shi)。在交談(tan)中記(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)看到一(yi)篇由縣報胡(hu)九(jiu)光(guang)記(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)采(cai)寫的(de)

　　《“流轉合同”托起(qi)農民(min)的(de)希望》的(de)文章，記者(zhe)對(dui)文章中表(biao)述(shu)的(de)事(shi)情非常贊許(xu)。

　　不巧的是，總經理出差在外沒有會面。3月5日，記者在縣扶貧局看到一份2012年2月5日簽訂的土地流轉合同樣本，合同的甲方是義縣聚糧屯鄉孟家屯村農民博某，乙方是遼寧東潤種業有限公司。合同的主要內容是：乙方將聚糧屯鄉公路東王墳一帶承包經營的土地18.32畝流轉出租給甲方，用于育種或其它農作物耕種。流轉出租的土地價格是750元/畝，土地流轉款在3月1日交齊，流轉出租的期限是一年。與此同時，甲方還享有其它幾項權利：同等條件下，享受優先用工權，勞動報酬以市場用工價格為準；繼續享受國家給予的土地補貼；對出租地塊秋后玉米秸享有(you)所有(you)權；土(tu)地(di)流轉(zhuan)出租(zu)期間，乙方在所租(zu)地(di)塊上(shang)打(da)井、辦電、建(jian)井房(fang)等基礎設施在合(he)同(tong)期滿后無償劃歸甲方所有(you)。拿著合(he)同(tong)樣本，記者隨同(tong)縣(xian)扶(fu)貧局(ju)的(de)工作人(ren)員來到了位于七里河工業(ye)園區的(de)遼寧東(dong)潤(run)(run)種(zhong)業(ye)有(you)限公司。在總(zong)經理張(zhang)義超的(de)辦公室(shi)，記者看到了厚厚的(de)幾摞合(he)同(tong)書，協議內容完全一樣，都是遼寧東(dong)潤(run)(run)種(zhong)業(ye)有(you)限公司和義縣(xian)部分鄉鎮農民(min)簽訂的(de)土(tu)地(di)流轉(zhuan)合(he)同(tong)。

　　看著一摞摞土地流轉合同書，看著遼寧東潤種業一樓展示大廳里面一穗穗金黃飽滿的玉米種子，記者仿佛看到(dao)種子大縣的威名在(zai)宜州希(xi)望(wang)的田野(ye)上重新響起。

　　上個(ge)世紀80年(nian)(nian)代末，有(you)(you)幾(ji)家(jia)(jia)外(wai)地種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公司(si)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)在義縣(xian)部(bu)分(fen)鄉(xiang)鎮繁制(zhi)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，到(dao)(dao)1994年(nian)(nian)，義縣(xian)各鄉(xiang)鎮玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)繁育(yu)(yu)逐漸形成規模化生產(chan)(chan)，“種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)大縣(xian)”基本成型(xing)，被國(guo)家(jia)(jia)命名(ming)為(wei)“育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基地縣(xian)”。從(cong)1993年(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)至2000年(nian)(nian)期間，全國(guo)各大型(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公司(si)紛紛入(ru)駐義縣(xian)繁育(yu)(yu)優質種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，最高年(nian)(nian)份達34萬畝(mu)(mu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)達到(dao)(dao)全國(guo)用種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)的(de)(de)八分(fen)之一(yi)。當時(shi)普通玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)價格是0.3元/斤，正常年(nian)(nian)景種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)能達到(dao)(dao)1300斤到(dao)(dao)1400斤，畝(mu)(mu)純收(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)250元；而(er)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)價格是1元/斤，正常年(nian)(nian)景玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)是600斤，每畝(mu)(mu)純收(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)為(wei)450元，制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)比種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大田(tian)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)畝(mu)(mu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)增(zeng)加(jia)200元左右。繁制(zhi)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)僅(jin)農(nong)(nong)民(min)得利，鄉(xiang)村各級財(cai)經狀(zhuang)況明(ming)顯(xian)好轉。農(nong)(nong)民(min)人均收(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)顯(xian)著(zhu)增(zeng)加(jia)，城(cheng)鄉(xiang)購買力顯(xian)著(zhu)提升，最明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)變化就(jiu)是農(nong)(nong)民(min)家(jia)(jia)庭中家(jia)(jia)電、摩(mo)托車擁有(you)(you)量(liang)明(ming)顯(xian)增(zeng)多。與(yu)此同時(shi)，義縣(xian)餐飲(yin)服修運(yun)輸等(deng)行(xing)業也(ye)被帶動起(qi)來。然而(er)，從(cong)1999年(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)，全國(guo)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)嚴重過剩(sheng)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)市場的(de)(de)供(gong)需(xu)平衡被打破，加(jia)之市場運(yun)作不(bu)規范(fan)、利益連(lian)接機制(zhi)不(bu)健(jian)全、農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)規避(bi)市場風(feng)險能力弱(ruo)等(deng)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)因素影(ying)響，義縣(xian)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業受到(dao)(dao)嚴重影(ying)響。近年(nian)(nian)來，隨著(zhu)各級政府對農(nong)(nong)田(tian)水利設施建設投入(ru)的(de)(de)不(bu)斷加(jia)大，農(nong)(nong)業高產(chan)(chan)穩產(chan)(chan)有(you)(you)了更(geng)加(jia)可靠的(de)(de)保證，尤其(qi)是新興的(de)(de)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)模式再一(yi)次給義縣(xian)農(nong)(nong)民(min)帶來希望(wang)。

　　2009年(nian)初，在省(sheng)市領導的大力幫(bang)扶(fu)下，義縣(xian)引進投資近億(yi)元的

　　“遼寧東潤(run)種業(ye)有限公(gong)司”，該(gai)公(gong)司是(shi)集玉(yu)米良種研發、繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)、加工、銷(xiao)(xiao)售為(wei)一體的(de)(de)種子龍(long)頭企(qi)業(ye)，年(nian)(nian)收購、加工和(he)銷(xiao)(xiao)售種子5萬(wan)噸(dun)。2010年(nian)(nian)該(gai)公(gong)司通過“訂單”和(he)“返(fan)租倒包”方式，在義(yi)縣落實繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)面(mian)積4萬(wan)畝，并將繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)和(he)銷(xiao)(xiao)售業(ye)務拓展到北(bei)至黑(hei)龍(long)江、南到云貴川(chuan)地(di)區(qu)，力爭用3年(nian)(nian)時間，把義(yi)縣地(di)區(qu)建成玉(yu)米良種繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)、加工和(he)銷(xiao)(xiao)售的(de)(de)集散地(di)。特別(bie)是(shi)當前全(quan)國各大(da)種業(ye)公(gong)司在新疆、甘(gan)肅等地(di)的(de)(de)制(zhi)種成本(ben)不(bu)斷增加的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下，東北(bei)原(yuan)制(zhi)種基地(di)有望成為(wei)他們新的(de)(de)投資市場(chang)，為(wei)義(yi)縣發展制(zhi)種產(chan)業(ye)提(ti)供了良好(hao)的(de)(de)市場(chang)條件。

　　遼寧東潤(run)(run)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業的(de)(de)張(zhang)義超總經(jing)理對記(ji)者說，如(ru)今(jin)繁制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)米種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和10年(nian)(nian)前繁制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)米種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已是今(jin)非昔比了(le)(le)。他(ta)給(gei)記(ji)者算了(le)(le)幾筆賬：一(yi)(yi)是現今(jin)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)產量(liang)(liang)遠遠高(gao)于10年(nian)(nian)前的(de)(de)產量(liang)(liang)，育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)技術的(de)(de)提高(gao)，節水灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施都(dou)(dou)大(da)大(da)提高(gao)了(le)(le)玉(yu)米制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產量(liang)(liang)，東潤(run)(run)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)般種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)畝(mu)產量(liang)(liang)都(dou)(dou)在1000斤以(yi)上(shang)；二是育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)親(qin)(qin)本(ben)(ben)投(tou)入降低，以(yi)東潤(run)(run)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)為例，東潤(run)(run)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)對回收(shou)的(de)(de)親(qin)(qin)本(ben)(ben)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)實(shi)(shi)行分(fen)級剝離后包裝(zhuang)出(chu)售，出(chu)場(chang)的(de)(de)親(qin)(qin)本(ben)(ben)要在水分(fen)、純度、凈(jing)度、出(chu)芽率等方面達到國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)標(biao)準，播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)單粒點播即可(ke)，每畝(mu)親(qin)(qin)本(ben)(ben)用種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)僅需(xu)3.5斤；三(san)是國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)扶持政(zheng)策(ce)越(yue)來越(yue)好，2012年(nian)(nian)東潤(run)(run)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業將享受國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)政(zheng)策(ce)性扶持的(de)(de)4萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地(di)滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)設(she)備，3年(nian)(nian)內將增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)到15萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)設(she)備能大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)單產量(liang)(liang)；四是育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)戶風(feng)險規避機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)逐步規范(fan)。2010年(nian)(nian)東潤(run)(run)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業在義縣白廟子(zi)、劉龍(long)臺、聚糧屯三(san)個鄉(xiang)鎮的(de)(de)三(san)個村反租倒(dao)包土(tu)地(di)6000畝(mu)，公(gong)司(si)每畝(mu)地(di)投(tou)入達1300元，全部風(feng)險都(dou)(dou)轉嫁到公(gong)司(si)身上(shang)。農(nong)民(min)出(chu)租土(tu)地(di)后還(huan)可(ke)在自家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)上(shang)給(gei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)打工，實(shi)(shi)際上(shang)農(nong)民(min)得到的(de)(de)是兩筆收(shou)入。因(yin)此，無論是采取反租倒(dao)包的(de)(de)形式育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)還(huan)是農(nong)戶自己育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，現今(jin)的(de)(de)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)收(shou)入比10年(nian)(nian)前明顯增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)(le)。

　　義縣地(di)(di)處遼寧西部(bu)，其(qi)東西部(bu)山區與丘陵地(di)(di)帶自然隔離條(tiao)件好(hao)，具有(you)優良(liang)的(de)玉米(mi)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)自然條(tiao)件，全縣102萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝耕(geng)地(di)(di)中有(you)60萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝適宜玉米(mi)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)。2010年(nian)，義縣確(que)立了(le)“一業四品”的(de)農(nong)業產業發展(zhan)格局，準備用三年(nian)時間，加(jia)快(kuai)發展(zhan)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)業，恢復育(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)大縣地(di)(di)位。2010年(nian)落實(shi)玉米(mi)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)面積10萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝，產量(liang)(liang)達(da)4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸，產值(zhi)達(da)16000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)，育(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)戶(hu)增(zeng)效4000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)；2012年(nian)計(ji)劃發展(zhan)玉米(mi)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)面積20萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝，產量(liang)(liang)達(da)8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸，產值(zhi)達(da)32000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)，育(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)戶(hu)增(zeng)效8000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)。年(nian)玉米(mi)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)基(ji)本滿足全省需求(qiu)量(liang)(liang)。

　　但是，僅靠一個東潤種(zhong)業還(huan)遠遠不夠，張義超總(zong)經(jing)理希望更多有(you)實力的種(zhong)業同(tong)行到義縣(xian)(xian)共(gong)謀大業，將義縣(xian)(xian)打造成為全省乃至全國的玉米良種(zhong)繁(fan)育基地，重振種(zhong)子大縣(xian)(xian)的雄風，為義縣(xian)(xian)早日加入富(fu)裕地區的行列共(gong)同(tong)努力！

　　本報(bao)記者(zhe)(zhe)劉琪楠見習記者(zhe)(zhe)劉璐(lu)