審(shen)定(ding)編(bian)號：桂(gui)審(shen)蔬(shu)2010002號

品種名稱：桂蹄2號

選(xuan)育(yu)單位：廣西(xi)農業科學院生物技術研(yan)究所

品(pin)種(zhong)來源：對廣州(zhou)番禺地(di)方(fang)荸薺(qi)種(zhong)進行莖(jing)尖組織培養快速繁(fan)殖產生變(bian)異(yi)，從(cong)變(bian)異(yi)群體(ti)中選出(chu)優良變(bian)異(yi)株。

特征(zheng)特性：苗(miao)期(qi)(qi)25天(tian)，大(da)(da)(da)田繁苗(miao)期(qi)(qi)50～60天(tian)，大(da)(da)(da)田生(sheng)育期(qi)(qi)140～150天(tian)，有較強的分株能(neng)力，繁殖(zhi)系數20倍，不易(yi)感桿枯(ku)病，花穗形成較早，植株高(gao)度約95厘米(mi)～105厘米(mi)，球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)大(da)(da)(da)，呈(cheng)扁圓形，臍微凹，橫徑(jing)3.5～5.5 厘米(mi)，縱徑(jing)約2.5 厘米(mi)，單(dan)球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)平均重(zhong)26克，最大(da)(da)(da)50克/個，鮮球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)總糖含(han)量(liang)約6.0%，淀粉含(han)量(liang)約7%，肉(rou)嫩(nen)多(duo)汁、清(qing)甜脆口，芽粗，皮(pi)紅棕色、稍厚，較耐儲運，畝產(chan)球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)2500～3500公(gong)斤(jin)，大(da)(da)(da)中果重(zhong)占總重(zhong)量(liang)的85%以上；球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)5.0厘米(mi)、匍匐莖(jing)粗0.5厘米(mi)、莖(jing)狀葉(xie)顏(yan)色濃綠。該品(pin)種以鮮食為主，也適用于加工。

產量(liang)(liang)表現：2007年在(zai)平樂(le)(le)平樂(le)(le)青龍鄉(xiang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)20畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，平均(jun)產量(liang)(liang)2750公(gong)(gong)斤/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。2008年在(zai)平樂(le)(le)青龍鄉(xiang)和鐘山縣(xian)清(qing)塘鎮種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)50畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，平均(jun)產量(liang)(liang)為3040公(gong)(gong)斤/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。2009年在(zai)平樂(le)(le)青龍鄉(xiang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)2畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，平均(jun)產量(liang)(liang)為2980公(gong)(gong)斤/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。2008年7月(yue)下旬在(zai)柳城縣(xian)舊縣(xian)村試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，產量(liang)(liang)為3181公(gong)(gong)斤/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。2008年在(zai)貴港市(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)圩(wei)(wei)鎮布點試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，產量(liang)(liang)為3435公(gong)(gong)斤/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。2009年7月(yue)下旬在(zai)貴港市(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)圩(wei)(wei)鎮種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)4畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，12月(yue)7日進行田間(jian)測產，產量(liang)(liang)4335公(gong)(gong)斤/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，大中果率85%。2008年在(zai)賀州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)八步(bu)區、桂(gui)平管理區、桂(gui)林市(shi)(shi)荔浦縣(xian)等(deng)地試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，產量(liang)(liang)都(dou)在(zai)2500公(gong)(gong)斤/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)以上。

栽培要點：1、在4月(yue)中下(xia)旬(xun)(xun)至(zhi)5月(yue)上旬(xun)(xun)育，25天(tian)(tian)(tian)后移入大(da)田(tian)(tian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)繁(fan)殖，繁(fan)苗(miao)時(shi)間50天(tian)(tian)(tian)左右，每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)組培苗(miao)大(da)約(yue)分(fen)(fen)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)15兜。2、定植時(shi)間大(da)約(yue)在7月(yue)中旬(xun)(xun)至(zhi)8月(yue)上旬(xun)(xun)，株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)距40×50厘(li)米。3、基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)腐熟(shu)農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)500公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)15公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，鈣鎂磷肥(fei)(fei)(fei)40～50公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)；定植15天(tian)(tian)(tian)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，尿素5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)+復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，30天(tian)(tian)(tian)后復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)20公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，35天(tian)(tian)(tian)后肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)比例配(pei)施按(an)氮：磷：鉀=1：1：4，每(mei)隔10～15天(tian)(tian)(tian)施一次肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，前(qian)期以(yi)勤施薄施為(wei)主，配(pei)合(he)(he)使用(yong)適(shi)量微(wei)量元素肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。4.定植到封(feng)行(xing)前(qian)，保持水(shui)(shui)層大(da)約(yue)5～10厘(li)米，封(feng)行(xing)后，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)一次排(pai)水(shui)(shui)晾田(tian)(tian)2～3天(tian)(tian)(tian)，11月(yue)底(di)（收獲(huo)前(qian)20天(tian)(tian)(tian)）排(pai)干田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)，等(deng)待采挖。5、病(bing)(bing)蟲防治(zhi)：預防稈枯病(bing)(bing)、枯萎病(bing)(bing)及(ji)莖基(ji)腐病(bing)(bing)，每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)細硫磺粉4～5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)+50%多(duo)菌(jun)靈0.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)+75%敵克松可(ke)(ke)濕性粉劑(ji)0.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)分(fen)(fen)別結合(he)(he)施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)單獨與細泥砂(sha)20公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)配(pei)成菌(jun)土，在8月(yue)中旬(xun)(xun)、9月(yue)中旬(xun)(xun)各施一次，效(xiao)果良好。在分(fen)(fen)蘗盛期或(huo)發病(bing)(bing)初期要及(ji)時(shi)用(yong)藥,可(ke)(ke)選用(yong)25%多(duo)菌(jun)靈可(ke)(ke)濕性粉劑(ji)和25%敵力脫乳(ru)油等(deng)殺菌(jun)劑(ji)防治(zhi)。2.蟲害防治(zhi)：在田(tian)(tian)間懸掛(gua)誘蟲燈誘殺成蟲，并在卵塊孵化高峰前(qian)2～3天(tian)(tian)(tian)用(yong)藥，以(yi)5%氟(fu)蟲腈(jing)(銳(rui)勁特)800倍液；或(huo)高氯氰菊酯(zhi)加久效(xiao)磷復(fu)配(pei)成500倍液噴(pen)霧。

審定意見：經審核，該品種在生產上有較大的(de)應用價(jia)值(zhi)，通過審定，可在全區桂林、賀州(zhou)、柳州(zhou)馬蹄種植(zhi)區種植(zhi)。