(1)選育單位:成都市農林科學院園藝研究所
(2)品種來源:該組合母本Q01-05-1是我所從(cong)中國農(nong)科院品種資源所引(yin)進的冬瓜資源,經過(guo)7代(dai)(dai)單株定向(xiang)選育(yu)的高代(dai)(dai)自(zi)交系(xi);父本RK-1-3-2是從(cong)冬瓜一代(dai)(dai)雜種“蓉抗1號”自(zi)交后代(dai)(dai)經過(guo)6代(dai)(dai)單株定向(xiang)選育(yu)而成。
(3)特征特性:早中(zhong)熟,第1雌(ci)(ci)花節位13~16節,以后每4~6節著(zhu)生雌(ci)(ci)花;開(kai)花早,定植到采(cai)收比對(dui)(dui)照廣東黑(hei)皮(pi)早熟5~7天,種(zhong)子發芽快(kuai),幼苗生長迅速(su),葉片大30厘(li)米×30厘(li)米,莖粗(cu)1~1.5厘(li)米,葉柄長25厘(li)米左(zuo)右,瓜長40~60厘(li)米,直徑(jing)20~25厘(li)米左(zuo)右,單重(zhong)15公斤左(zuo)右,黑(hei)皮(pi),果(guo)實有(you)空腔,耐(nai)熱(re),植株田間抗(kang)病能力強,重(zhong)田試(shi)驗表明新組合蓉抗(kang)4號比對(dui)(dui)照顯著(zhu)抗(kang)枯萎病。果(guo)肉(rou)致密,適合長途運輸。
(4)產量表現:2005~2008年多點(dian)試驗(yan),平(ping)均畝(mu)產9174公斤,較對照增產9.1%,增產達(da)顯著水平(ping)。在各試驗(yan)點(dian)均表現良好(hao)。
(5)栽培要點:①播(bo)種前(qian)7~10天(tian),將過(guo)篩且沒(mei)有種過(guo)瓜類的細土(tu)和(he)腐熟牛糞或豬糞按7?3比例混合,每立(li)方(fang)營養土(tu)加入過(guo)磷酸鈣2.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,米(mi)樂(le)爾0.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,拌(ban)勻,堆放(fang)備用。四(si)川盆地(di)(di)在立(li)春前(qian)后設施育苗(miao)(miao),可直播(bo)營養土(tu)內,或催(cui)芽后播(bo)種;露地(di)(di)育苗(miao)(miao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei),應在3月(yue)底(di)4月(yue)中旬前(qian)下種。其它地(di)(di)區根據(ju)當時(shi)(shi)氣候和(he)生產習慣(guan)參照執行。注意苗(miao)(miao)期保溫(wen)控水,防(fang)止爛(lan)芽和(he)徒長(chang)。②當幼(you)苗(miao)(miao)長(chang)到1~2片(pian)真葉時(shi)(shi)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi),畝(mu)施腐熟有機肥2000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤以上(shang),磷肥50公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,三(san)元復(fu)合肥50公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,米(mi)樂(le)爾3公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,撒施。開廂(xiang)1.6米(mi)包(bao)溝,雙行定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi),株(zhu)距80厘米(mi),畝(mu)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)1000株(zhu),或開廂(xiang)2.0米(mi)包(bao)溝,單行定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi),株(zhu)距50厘米(mi),畝(mu)植(zhi)(zhi)650株(zhu),定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后澆透(tou)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)水。苗(miao)(miao)期宜地(di)(di)膜加小(xiao)拱棚栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei),防(fang)倒(dao)春寒,促進提早采(cai)收上(shang)市。③定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后10~15天(tian)澆清糞水1~2次。及(ji)時(shi)(shi)搭棚架。及(ji)時(shi)(shi)植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)調整,摘(zhai)去(qu)所(suo)有側(ce)枝,早熟栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)主蔓第(di)1雌花留(liu)果;中晚熟栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)留(liu)第(di)2或第(di)3雌花座(zuo)果。天(tian)氣不良(liang)時(shi)(shi)應人工(gong)輔助(zhu)授粉。及(ji)時(shi)(shi)進行病(bing)蟲害防(fang)治。④當冬瓜表面黑又帶光(guang)澤時(shi)(shi)即(ji)可采(cai)收。
(6)適宜種植地區:四川低山及(ji)平(ping)壩冬瓜產區。











