品種名稱:莆薯14(原名莆薯14號)
選育單位:福建省(sheng)莆田市農業科學研(yan)究所
品種來源:金山57/臺引2號
特征特性:該(gai)品種株型短蔓半直立,單(dan)株分(fen)(fen)枝數(shu)12-17條,成葉(xie)(xie)心帶齒形,成葉(xie)(xie)、頂葉(xie)(xie)、葉(xie)(xie)柄、莖均(jun)為綠色(se),葉(xie)(xie)脈紫色(se),蔓粗(cu)中(zhong)(zhong)等;單(dan)株結薯2-5個,薯塊(kuai)紡綞形,薯皮粉紅色(se),薯肉黃色(se)。省區試兩年平均(jun):曬干率25.97%,比對照金(jin)山57高(gao)0.04個百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian);出粉率15.65%,比對照高(gao)0.51個百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian);食味評分(fen)(fen)80.5分(fen)(fen),比對照高(gao)0.5分(fen)(fen)。省區試抗病性(xing)鑒(jian)定綜(zong)合評價為中(zhong)(zhong)抗蔓割病,感薯瘟病。耐(nai)貯藏(zang)性(xing)較好。
產量表現:2006年(nian)(nian)參加省甘薯(shu)(shu)區試,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)鮮(xian)薯(shu)(shu)畝產3114.35公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),比(bi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)金山57增(zeng)(zeng)產12.46%,達極(ji)(ji)顯(xian)著(zhu)水平(ping)(ping)(ping);平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)薯(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)畝產816.63公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),比(bi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)增(zeng)(zeng)產12.13%,達極(ji)(ji)顯(xian)著(zhu)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)。2007年(nian)(nian)續試,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)鮮(xian)薯(shu)(shu)畝產2960.42公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),比(bi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)增(zeng)(zeng)產13.40%,達極(ji)(ji)顯(xian)著(zhu)水平(ping)(ping)(ping);平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)薯(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)畝產752.58公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),比(bi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)增(zeng)(zeng)產13.17%,達極(ji)(ji)顯(xian)著(zhu)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)。兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun):鮮(xian)薯(shu)(shu)畝產3037.39公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),比(bi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)增(zeng)(zeng)產12.92%;薯(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)畝產784.61公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),比(bi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)增(zeng)(zeng)產12.63%。2008年(nian)(nian)生產試驗,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)鮮(xian)薯(shu)(shu)2819.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),比(bi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)金山57增(zeng)(zeng)產 18.6%。
栽培技術要點:早(zao)(zao)(zao)薯(shu)于5月中(zhong)旬(xun)至(zhi)6月下旬(xun)栽(zai)(zai)插(cha),晚薯(shu)于8月中(zhong)旬(xun)前栽(zai)(zai)插(cha)。早(zao)(zao)(zao)薯(shu)畝(mu)栽(zai)(zai)插(cha)3000-3500株,晚薯(shu)畝(mu)栽(zai)(zai)插(cha)3500-4500株。栽(zai)(zai)插(cha)后(hou)7-10天(tian)施(shi)(shi)點(dian)頭肥(fei),一(yi)般(ban)畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)尿素(su)5公斤(jin)。早(zao)(zao)(zao)薯(shu)栽(zai)(zai)插(cha)后(hou)25-30天(tian)施(shi)(shi)夾(jia)邊(bian)肥(fei),結合中(zhong)耕(geng)除草,一(yi)般(ban)畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)尿素(su)7.5-10公斤(jin),三元復合肥(fei)(氮、磷、鉀含量各15%)20-30公斤(jin)。晚薯(shu)于栽(zai)(zai)插(cha)后(hou)20-25天(tian)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)夾(jia)邊(bian)肥(fei),施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)方法與(yu)用(yong)量與(yu)早(zao)(zao)(zao)薯(shu)相似。干旱應及(ji)時(shi)灌水(shui)。及(ji)時(shi)防治(zhi)病(bing)蟲害。全生育期掌握在140-160天(tian)。
省農作物品種審定委員會審定意見:莆薯(shu)14屬食(shi)(shi)飼兼用型甘(gan)薯(shu)新品種。鮮(xian)薯(shu)、薯(shu)干產量高;曬干率和出(chu)粉(fen)率與(yu)對(dui)(dui)照金山57相當(dang),食(shi)(shi)味(wei)品質與(yu)對(dui)(dui)照相當(dang);中抗蔓割病,感薯(shu)瘟(wen)病。適宜福建省非薯(shu)瘟(wen)病區種植(zhi),栽培(pei)上宜種植(zhi)脫(tuo)毒種苗,合理(li)密植(zhi),保證全生育(yu)期150天左(zuo)右,注意(yi)防治薯(shu)瘟(wen)病。經(jing)審核,符合福建省農(nong)作(zuo)物品種審(認)定(ding)規定(ding),通過審定(ding)。











