作物種類：水稻

      審定編號：桂審稻2025100號

      品種名稱：特優1899

      申 請 者：廣(guang)西壯族自治區(qu)農業科學院

      育 種 者：廣西壯族自治區農業科學院

      品種來源：龍特普A×桂恢1899

      特征特性：感溫秈型三系雜交稻(dao)(dao)(dao)品種。在桂(gui)南(nan)種植，全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)育(yu)(yu)期晚稻(dao)(dao)(dao)平(ping)均(jun)111.5天(tian)，比(bi)對照(zhao)豐(feng)田(tian)優553短3.4天(tian)，早稻(dao)(dao)(dao)116.3天(tian)，比(bi)對照(zhao)特優7118短3.0天(tian)；桂(gui)中(zhong)早稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種植全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)育(yu)(yu)期平(ping)均(jun)118.3天(tian)；桂(gui)中(zhong)北及高寒山(shan)區一季（中(zhong)）稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種植，全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)育(yu)(yu)期平(ping)均(jun)133.8天(tian)，比(bi)對照(zhao)深兩優5814短5.8天(tian)。苗期叢(cong)生(sheng)，分(fen)蘗力中(zhong)強，葉色綠色，葉鞘(qiao)、柱(zhu)頭中(zhong)等紫色，葉耳無色，稃尖中(zhong)等紫色；株型適(shi)中(zhong)，葉姿半直(zhi)立，劍(jian)葉微卷；穗(sui)(sui)型較長，著(zhu)粒(li)密(mi)度(du)一般(ban)。每畝有效穗(sui)(sui)數(shu)15.9萬，株高120.1厘米，穗(sui)(sui)長23.3厘米，每穗(sui)(sui)總粒(li)數(shu)142.7粒(li)，結實率(lv)86.2%，千粒(li)重29.1克。抗性(xing)表現(xian)：稻(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病抗性(xing)綜(zong)合指(zhi)數(shu)年度(du)分(fen)別是5.8、3.3，穗(sui)(sui)瘟損失率(lv)最高級(ji)(ji)(ji)5級(ji)(ji)(ji)，白(bai)葉枯病年度(du)分(fen)別是7級(ji)(ji)(ji)、9級(ji)(ji)(ji)；抗性(xing)評價為中(zhong)感稻(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病、高感白(bai)葉枯病。米質主要指(zhi)標：整精米率(lv)65.8%，堊白(bai)度(du)10.8%，透明度(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，堿(jian)消值6.8級(ji)(ji)(ji)，膠稠(chou)度(du)56毫米，直(zhi)鏈淀粉含量20.9%，粒(li)長6.6毫米，長寬比(bi)2.6。

      產量表現：根(gen)據廣(guang)西(xi)“桂(gui)穗”水稻(dao)聯合體試(shi)(shi)驗資料，2023年(nian)參(can)加(jia)廣(guang)西(xi)桂(gui)南(nan)稻(dao)作區(qu)感光晚秈組區(qu)域試(shi)(shi)驗，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)514.5公(gong)斤，比(bi)對(dui)(dui)照豐(feng)田(tian)(tian)優(you)553增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)5.54%；2024年(nian)續試(shi)(shi)，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)533.0公(gong)斤，比(bi)對(dui)(dui)照豐(feng)田(tian)(tian)優(you)553增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)8.44%；兩年(nian)試(shi)(shi)驗平(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)523.8公(gong)斤，比(bi)對(dui)(dui)照豐(feng)田(tian)(tian)優(you)553增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)6.99%；2024年(nian)晚稻(dao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)試(shi)(shi)驗平(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)511.8公(gong)斤，比(bi)對(dui)(dui)照豐(feng)田(tian)(tian)優(you)553增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)6.32%。2024年(nian)桂(gui)南(nan)早稻(dao)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)547.8公(gong)斤，比(bi)對(dui)(dui)照特(te)優(you)7118增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)3.84%；桂(gui)中早稻(dao)種植平(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)553.7公(gong)斤，比(bi)特(te)優(you)7118增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)4.31%；桂(gui)中北及(ji)高寒山區(qu)一季(ji)（中）稻(dao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)試(shi)(shi)驗，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)587.1公(gong)斤，比(bi)對(dui)(dui)照深兩優(you)5814增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)4.69。

      栽培技術要點：1.適時播(bo)種，培育(yu)壯秧(yang)(yang)(yang)。播(bo)種期安排：桂(gui)南早(zao)稻(dao)3月上旬(xun)(xun)，桂(gui)南晚稻(dao)7月上旬(xun)(xun)，中(zhong)稻(dao)4月中(zhong)下旬(xun)(xun)至5月中(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)播(bo)種；每(mei)畝(mu)大田(tian)(tian)用種量(liang)1.5-2.0公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，早(zao)造采用薄膜保溫(wen)育(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)，疏播(bo)勻播(bo)或秧(yang)(yang)(yang)盤育(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)，秧(yang)(yang)(yang)齡30天(tian)左右(you)，葉齡4-5葉，拋秧(yang)(yang)(yang)栽(zai)培秧(yang)(yang)(yang)齡3.0-3.5葉；晚造秧(yang)(yang)(yang)齡15-20天(tian)，4.0-4.5葉。2.合理(li)密植，插(cha)夠基本苗。手(shou)插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)插(cha)植規格可用6×5寸(cun)或7×5寸(cun)，雙(shuang)植，注意(yi)插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)和拋秧(yang)(yang)(yang)密度，保證(zheng)基本苗。3.科學(xue)水肥(fei)管理(li)：中(zhong)等肥(fei)力的(de)田(tian)(tian)塊，每(mei)畝(mu)施尿(niao)素20公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，磷肥(fei)25公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，鉀肥(fei)15-18公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)；氮、磷、鉀比例為1：0.4:1.2。為了(le)提高(gao)成穗率(lv)，增加(jia)有效穗，早(zao)攻分(fen)蘗肥(fei)，栽(zai)后15天(tian)內施肥(fei)八(ba)成左右(you)，促進早(zao)生(sheng)快發(fa)，穩健(jian)生(sheng)長；25天(tian)左右(you)封行夠苗及時露曬(shai)田(tian)(tian)，帶肥(fei)曬(shai)田(tian)(tian)，促進幼穗分(fen)化。4.病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)：及時做好稻(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)、稻(dao)曲病(bing)、白葉枯、稻(dao)飛虱等病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)的(de)防(fang)治(zhi)。

      審定意見：該品種符合廣西稻(dao)品種審(shen)定(ding)標準，通過審(shen)定(ding)。可(ke)在桂(gui)(gui)南稻(dao)作區作早(zao)、晚稻(dao)，桂(gui)(gui)中(zhong)、桂(gui)(gui)北稻(dao)作區及(ji)高寒(han)山(shan)區作中(zhong)稻(dao)種植(zhi)；注意稻(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing)、白葉枯病(bing)(bing)等(deng)病(bing)(bing)蟲害的防治(zhi)。