品種名稱：先達816

      申請者：三北種業有限公司

      育種者：三北種業有限公司

      品種來源：SVX75×NPG0160

      特征特性：西南(nan)(nan)春玉米(mi)(mi)（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)低海(hai)拔）組(zu)出苗(miao)(miao)至(zhi)成熟(shu)118.5天(tian)(tian)，比對(dui)照(zhao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)玉335晚熟(shu)0.3天(tian)(tian)。幼苗(miao)(miao)葉(xie)鞘紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)，花絲(si)淺紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)，花藥(yao)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)，穎殼(ke)深紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)。株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)型(xing)(xing)半(ban)緊(jin)湊，株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)高286厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，穗(sui)(sui)位高118厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，成株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葉(xie)片(pian)數(shu)20片(pian)。果穗(sui)(sui)長(chang)筒(tong)型(xing)(xing)，穗(sui)(sui)長(chang)18.8厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，穗(sui)(sui)行數(shu)14—18行，穗(sui)(sui)軸紅色(se)(se)(se)(se)，籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒(li)黃色(se)(se)(se)(se)，籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒(li)類型(xing)(xing)半(ban)馬(ma)齒，百(bai)粒(li)重(zhong)36.1克。經(jing)鑒定(ding)，抗莖(jing)腐(fu)病(bing)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗大斑(ban)病(bing)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗小斑(ban)病(bing)，感(gan)(gan)穗(sui)(sui)腐(fu)病(bing)，感(gan)(gan)紋枯(ku)(ku)病(bing)，高感(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)方銹病(bing)。經(jing)測定(ding)，籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒(li)容重(zhong)744克/升，粗(cu)(cu)淀(dian)粉含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)72.42%，粗(cu)(cu)蛋白含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)10.77%，粗(cu)(cu)脂(zhi)肪含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)3.78%，賴(lai)氨酸含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)0.34%；西南(nan)(nan)春玉米(mi)(mi)（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高海(hai)拔）組(zu)出苗(miao)(miao)至(zhi)成熟(shu)136.0天(tian)(tian)，比對(dui)照(zhao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)玉335晚熟(shu)0.1天(tian)(tian)。幼苗(miao)(miao)葉(xie)鞘紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)，花絲(si)淺紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)，花藥(yao)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)，穎殼(ke)深紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)。株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)型(xing)(xing)半(ban)緊(jin)湊，株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)高268厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，穗(sui)(sui)位高112厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，成株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葉(xie)片(pian)數(shu)20片(pian)。果穗(sui)(sui)長(chang)筒(tong)型(xing)(xing)，穗(sui)(sui)長(chang)18.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，穗(sui)(sui)行數(shu)14—18行，穗(sui)(sui)軸紅色(se)(se)(se)(se)，籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒(li)黃色(se)(se)(se)(se)，籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒(li)類型(xing)(xing)半(ban)馬(ma)齒型(xing)(xing)，百(bai)粒(li)重(zhong)37.3克。經(jing)鑒定(ding)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗大斑(ban)病(bing)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗莖(jing)腐(fu)病(bing)，感(gan)(gan)穗(sui)(sui)腐(fu)病(bing)，感(gan)(gan)灰斑(ban)病(bing)，感(gan)(gan)紋枯(ku)(ku)病(bing)，感(gan)(gan)絲(si)黑穗(sui)(sui)病(bing)。經(jing)測定(ding)，籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒(li)容重(zhong)760克/升，粗(cu)(cu)淀(dian)粉含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)74.60%，粗(cu)(cu)蛋白含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)10.13%，粗(cu)(cu)脂(zhi)肪含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)4.32%，賴(lai)氨酸含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)0.31%。

      產量表現：參加國家(jia)(jia)玉(yu)米(mi)品(pin)種綠色通道試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)西南春(chun)(chun)玉(yu)米(mi)（中(zhong)低海拔）組。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)初(chu)(chu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)579千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)10.1%；2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)復試(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)625千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)9.3%；兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)602千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)9.7%；2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)629千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)6.3%；參加國家(jia)(jia)玉(yu)米(mi)品(pin)種綠色通道試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)西南春(chun)(chun)玉(yu)米(mi)（中(zhong)高海拔）組。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)初(chu)(chu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)664千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)6.7%；2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)復試(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)735千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)7.5%；兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)699千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)7.1%；2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)710千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，比對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)6.0%。

      栽培技術要點：西南(nan)春玉米（中(zhong)低海拔）適宜播(bo)種(zhong)期(qi)3月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)至4月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)，密度3000株/畝左右，注意防治(zhi)穗(sui)腐病(bing)、紋枯病(bing)和南(nan)方銹病(bing)；西南(nan)春玉米（中(zhong)高海拔）適宜播(bo)種(zhong)期(qi)3月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)到(dao)5月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)，密度4000株/畝左右，注意防治(zhi)穗(sui)腐病(bing)和灰斑病(bing)。

      審定意見：該(gai)品(pin)(pin)種符合國家玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)品(pin)(pin)種審定標準，通過審定。西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)春玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)（中低海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)）適宜在(zai)四川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、重慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、湖(hu)北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、陜西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)南(nan)(nan)部、甘肅(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)隴南(nan)(nan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)800米(mi)(mi)及(ji)以(yi)下的丘(qiu)陵、平壩、低山(shan)地(di)區(qu)，貴州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)貴陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、黔南(nan)(nan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、黔東南(nan)(nan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、銅仁市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、遵(zun)義市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1100米(mi)(mi)以(yi)下地(di)區(qu)，廣西(xi)(xi)壯(zhuang)族自治區(qu)桂(gui)林市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、賀(he)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)種植；西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)春玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)（中高海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)）適宜在(zai)四川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)甘孜(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、阿壩州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、涼(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)（冕(mian)寧除外）、攀枝花市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)800—2200米(mi)(mi)的地(di)區(qu)，貴州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)貴陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、畢節市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、安順市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、六盤水(shui)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、黔西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1000—2200米(mi)(mi)地(di)區(qu)，云南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)昆(kun)明市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、楚雄州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、大理(li)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、保(bao)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、麗(li)江市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、德宏(hong)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、臨滄市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、普洱市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、玉(yu)溪市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、紅河州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、文山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、曲靖市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、昭通市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、迪慶州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、怒(nu)江州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、西(xi)(xi)雙版納州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1200米(mi)(mi)及(ji)以(yi)上地(di)區(qu)種植。