審定編號(hao):國(guo)審薯(shu)2004002
品種名稱:中薯5號
選育(yu)單(dan)位:中國農科院蔬菜花卉研究所
品(pin)種來源:中(zhong)薯3號天然結實后代(dai)
省級審(shen)定情(qing)況(kuang):2001年(nian)北京市農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)品種審(shen)定委(wei)員(yuan)會審(shen)定
特征特性:早熟品種(zhong),出苗(miao)后生育(yu)日數67天(tian)(tian)左右,常(chang)溫條(tiao)件下塊(kuai)莖休(xiu)眠期50天(tian)(tian)左右。株型直(zhi)立,株高50厘米(mi)左右,葉(xie)深綠(lv)色,葉(xie)緣(yuan)平展,復葉(xie)大小中(zhong)等,生長勢(shi)較(jiao)強(qiang),莖綠(lv)色,分枝(zhi)數少,生長勢(shi)較(jiao)強(qiang);花(hua)冠白色,天(tian)(tian)然結實性中(zhong)等,有種(zhong)子(zi);塊(kuai)莖略扁(bian)長圓形(xing)(xing)、圓形(xing)(xing),大而整齊,淡(dan)黃皮淡(dan)黃肉(rou),表皮光滑,商品薯率70%左右,芽眼極淺,結薯集(ji)中(zhong)。農業部蔬菜品質監督檢(jian)驗(yan)測試中(zhong)心(北京)苗(miao)期接(jie)種(zhong)鑒定和(he)品質分析,抗重花(hua)葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒病(bing)(bing)(bing)PVY,中(zhong)抗輕(qing)花(hua)葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒病(bing)(bing)(bing)PVX、卷(juan)葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒病(bing)(bing)(bing)PLRV;鮮薯含干物質16.84%、淀粉10.44%、還(huan)原糖0.31%、粗(cu)蛋(dan)白1.84%、Vc 20.3毫克/100克;炒食(shi)品質優,炸片(pian)色澤淺。
產(chan)量(liang)表(biao)現:2002-2003年(nian)參加國家馬鈴薯品種(zhong)早(zao)熟組區域試驗,兩年(nian)區域試驗平均(jun)畝(mu)產(chan)1701公斤,比對(dui)照(zhao)東(dong)農303增產(chan)19.45%;2003年(nian)生產(chan)試驗平均(jun)畝(mu)產(chan)2094公斤,比對(dui)照(zhao)東(dong)農303增產(chan)13.04%。
栽(zai)培技術(shu)要(yao)點:1、中原二季(ji)(ji)作地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)春(chun)季(ji)(ji)1-3月(yue)中下旬播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),5-6月(yue)下旬收(shou)獲,春(chun)季(ji)(ji)覆(fu)膜可適(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)早(zao)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。秋季(ji)(ji)8月(yue)上中旬至(zhi)9月(yue)上旬播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)前(qian)用5-8ppm赤霉(mei)素水(shui)溶液浸泡(pao)5-10分鐘后用濕潤(run)沙土覆(fu)蓋催芽(ya),10月(yue)下旬-12月(yue)初收(shou)獲。2、平播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)行距60-70厘米,株距20-25厘米,畝(mu)密度4500-5000株。干旱地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)注意及(ji)時灌(guan)溉(gai)。3、播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)前(qian)催芽(ya),施足基(ji)肥,加(jia)強前(qian)期(qi)管理,及(ji)時培土中耕,促使(shi)早(zao)發棵早(zao)結薯(shu),結薯(shu)期(qi)和薯(shu)塊膨(peng)大(da)期(qi)及(ji)時灌(guan)溉(gai),收(shou)獲前(qian)一周(zhou)停止灌(guan)水(shui),以利收(shou)獲貯存。4、二季(ji)(ji)作地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)適(shi)(shi)(shi)合與馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)、玉(yu)米等作物(wu)間、套作。5、二季(ji)(ji)作留種(zhong)(zhong)春(chun)季(ji)(ji)適(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)早(zao)收(shou),秋季(ji)(ji)適(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)晚(wan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),并注意及(ji)時噴藥防(fang)(fang)蚜,拔(ba)除病(bing)株;冬(dong)作區(qu)(qu)適(shi)(shi)(shi)合稻田冬(dong)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),在10-12月(yue)份(fen)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),春(chun)季(ji)(ji)2-3月(yue)份(fen)收(shou)獲。6、及(ji)時防(fang)(fang)治馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)晚(wan)疫病(bing)等病(bing)蟲害(hai)。
審(shen)定意(yi)見:經審(shen)核(he),該(gai)品(pin)種(zhong)符合國家馬鈴(ling)薯品(pin)種(zhong)審(shen)定標準(zhun),通過審(shen)定。屬早熟鮮食品(pin)種(zhong),休眠期短,退化(hua)慢(man),蒸炒(chao)品(pin)質(zhi)優良。適(shi)宜北京、山東(dong)(dong)、河南(nan)等(deng)中(zhong)原(yuan)二季(ji)作(zuo)區春秋兩季(ji)種(zhong)植,遼(liao)寧、黑龍江(jiang)等(deng)北方一季(ji)作(zuo)區早熟栽培,廣東(dong)(dong)、廣西、江(jiang)西、福(fu)建等(deng)南(nan)方冬作(zuo)區冬季(ji)栽培,重慶等(deng)西南(nan)地區二季(ji)栽培。注意(yi)防治(zhi)晚疫病。











