加快推進種業振興行動

加快選育推廣生產急需的自主優良品種

開展重大品種研發推廣應用一體化試點

推動生物育種產業化擴面提速

開辟急需適用農機鑒定“綠色通道”

加強基層農技推廣體系條件建設

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中央一號文件都說了些什么？

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      2015

      《中共中央 國務院關于加大改革創新力度加快農業現代化建設的若干意見》

      ● 加大對生豬、奶(nai)牛(niu)、肉牛(niu)、肉羊(yang)標準化規模(mo)養殖場(chang)（小區）建設支持力(li)度，實施畜(chu)禽(qin)良種工程，加快推進規模(mo)化、集約化、標準化畜(chu)禽(qin)養殖，增強(qiang)畜(chu)牧業(ye)競爭力(li)。

      ● 加快農業科技創新，在生(sheng)物育種、智(zhi)能農業(ye)、農機裝備(bei)、生(sheng)態環保等領域(yu)取得重大突破。

      ● 積極推進種業科研成果權益分配改革試點，完善成果完成人分享制度。繼續實施種子工(gong)程，推(tui)進海南、甘肅(su)、四(si)川三大國家級育種制種基地建設。

      2016

      《中共中央 國務院關于落實發展新理念加快農業現代化 實現全面小康目標的若干意見》

      ● 統(tong)籌協調各類農(nong)(nong)業科技資源(yuan)，建設現代農(nong)(nong)業產業科技創新(xin)中心，實(shi)施農(nong)(nong)業科技創新(xin)重點專(zhuan)項(xiang)和工(gong)程，重點突破(po)生物育種、農(nong)(nong)機裝(zhuang)備、智能農(nong)(nong)業、生態環保等領域關鍵技術。

      ● 加快推(tui)進現代種業發展。

      大(da)力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)育繁(fan)推(tui)(tui)(tui)一體化(hua)，提升種(zhong)(zhong)業自主(zhu)創新(xin)(xin)能力(li)(li)，保障國(guo)(guo)家(jia)種(zhong)(zhong)業安全。深入(ru)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)業領域科(ke)研(yan)(yan)成果權(quan)(quan)益(yi)分(fen)配改(gai)革，探索成果權(quan)(quan)益(yi)分(fen)享、轉移轉化(hua)和(he)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)人員分(fen)類管理機制。實施(shi)現代(dai)種(zhong)(zhong)業建設(she)工程(cheng)和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)業自主(zhu)創新(xin)(xin)重大(da)工程(cheng)。全面推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)良種(zhong)(zhong)重大(da)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)聯合攻(gong)關，培育和(he)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣適應機械化(hua)生產、優(you)質高產多抗廣適新(xin)(xin)品種(zhong)(zhong)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)快主(zhu)要糧食作物新(xin)(xin)一輪品種(zhong)(zhong)更新(xin)(xin)換代(dai)。加(jia)(jia)(jia)快推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)海南(nan)、甘肅、四川國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級育種(zhong)(zhong)制種(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地和(he)區域性良種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)育基(ji)地建設(she)。強(qiang)化(hua)企(qi)業育種(zhong)(zhong)創新(xin)(xin)主(zhu)體地位，加(jia)(jia)(jia)快培育具有國(guo)(guo)際競爭力(li)(li)的(de)現代(dai)種(zhong)(zhong)業企(qi)業。實施(shi)畜禽遺(yi)傳改(gai)良計劃，加(jia)(jia)(jia)快培育優(you)異畜禽新(xin)(xin)品種(zhong)(zhong)。開展種(zhong)(zhong)質資源普(pu)查，加(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)保護利用力(li)(li)度(du)。貫(guan)徹落(luo)實種(zhong)(zhong)子法，全面推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)依法治(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)。加(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)種(zhong)(zhong)子打假護權(quan)(quan)力(li)(li)度(du)。

      2017

      《中共中央 國務院關于深入推進農業供給側結構性改革 加快培育農業農村發展新動能的若干意見》

      ● 加快品種改良(liang)，大力發展(zhan)牛羊等草食(shi)畜牧業(ye)。

      ● 加(jia)大實施種(zhong)業自主創新重大工程和(he)主要農作物(wu)良種(zhong)聯合(he)攻關(guan)力度，加(jia)快適(shi)宜機械化生產、優質高產多抗(kang)廣適(shi)新品種(zhong)選育。

      2018

      《中共中央 國務院關于實施鄉村振興戰略的意見  》

      ● 加快建設國(guo)家(jia)(jia)農業(ye)科技(ji)創(chuang)新體系(xi)，加強面向全行業(ye)的科技(ji)創(chuang)新基地(di)建設。深化(hua)(hua)農業(ye)科技(ji)成果(guo)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)和推(tui)廣(guang)應用改革(ge)。加快發展(zhan)現(xian)代農作物、畜(chu)禽、水產、林木(mu)種業(ye)，提(ti)升自主創(chuang)新能力(li)。高標(biao)準建設國(guo)家(jia)(jia)南繁育種基地(di)。

      2019

      《中共中央　國務院關于堅持農業農村優先發展 做好“三農”工作的若干意見》

      ● 穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)糧食產(chan)(chan)量。毫不放松抓好糧食生產(chan)(chan)，推動藏(zang)糧于地、藏(zang)糧于技落實落地，確(que)保糧食播種面積穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)在16.5億畝。穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)完(wan)善扶持糧食生產(chan)(chan)政策舉措，挖掘品種、技術(shu)、減災等穩(wen)(wen)產(chan)(chan)增產(chan)(chan)潛力，保障農(nong)民種糧基本收益。

      ● 調整優化農業結構。支持長江流域油菜生(sheng)產，推進(jin)新品種新技術示(shi)范(fan)推廣和全程機械化。

      ● 加快突破農業關鍵核心技術。強化創新驅動發展，實施農業關鍵核心技術攻關行動，培育一批農業戰略科技創新力量，推動生物種業、重型農機、智慧農業、綠色投入品等領域自主創新。繼續組織實施水稻、小麥、玉米、大豆和(he)畜禽良種聯(lian)合攻關，加快選育(yu)和(he)推廣優質草種。

      2020

      《中共中央 國務院關于抓好“三農”領域重點工作 確保如期實現全面小康的意見》

      ● 加大(da)對大(da)豆高產品種和玉米、大(da)豆間作新(xin)農藝推廣的(de)支(zhi)持力度。

    ;  ● 加強農(nong)業生物(wu)技術研(yan)(yan)發，大(da)力(li)實施種業自(zi)主創(chuang)新(xin)工(gong)程，實施國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)業種質(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)保護(hu)利用工(gong)程，推進南繁科研(yan)(yan)育種基地建(jian)設。

      2021

      《中共中央 國務院關于全面推進鄉村振興加快農業農村現代化的意見》

      ● 提升糧食和重要農產品供給保障能力。地方各級黨委和政府要切實扛起糧食安全政治責任，實行糧食安全黨政同責。深入實施重要農產品保障戰略，完善糧食安全省長責任制和“菜籃子”市長負責制，確保糧、棉、油、糖、肉等供給安全。“十四五”時期各省（自治區、直轄市）要穩定糧食播種面積、提高單產水平。加強糧食生產功能區和重要農產品生產保護區建設。建設國家糧食安全產業帶。穩定種糧農民補貼，讓種糧有合理收益。堅持并完善稻谷、小麥最低收購價政策，完善玉米、大豆生產者補貼政策。深入推進農業結構調整，推動品種培優、品質提升、品牌打造和標準化生產。鼓勵發展青貯玉米等優質飼草飼料，穩定大豆生產，多措并舉發展油菜、花生等油料作物。健全產糧大縣支持政策體系。擴大稻谷、小麥、玉米三大糧食作物完全成本保險和收入保險試點范圍，支持有條件的省份降低產糧大縣三大糧食作物農業保險保費縣級補貼比例。深入推進優質糧食工程。加快構建現代養殖體系，保護生豬基礎產能，健全生豬產業平穩有序發展長效機制，積極發展牛羊產業，繼續實施奶業振興行動，推進水產綠色健康養殖。推進漁港建設和管理改革。促進木本糧油和林下經濟發展。優化農產品貿易布局，實施農產品進口多元化戰略，支持企業融入全球農產品供應鏈。保(bao)持打擊重(zhong)點農產(chan)品走私高(gao)壓態勢。加強口(kou)岸檢疫和外來入侵物種防(fang)控。開(kai)展糧食節約(yue)行動，減少生產(chan)、流通、加工、存(cun)儲(chu)、消費環節糧食損耗浪費。

      ● 打好種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)翻身仗。農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)現代化，種(zhong)子是(shi)基礎(chu)。加強(qiang)(qiang)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)種(zhong)質資(zi)源(yuan)保護開(kai)發利(li)用，加快(kuai)(kuai)第三(san)次(ci)農(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物種(zhong)質資(zi)源(yuan)、畜(chu)禽(qin)種(zhong)質資(zi)源(yuan)調查收(shou)集，加強(qiang)(qiang)國家作(zuo)物、畜(chu)禽(qin)和海洋漁業(ye)(ye)(ye)生物種(zhong)質資(zi)源(yuan)庫建(jian)設。對育(yu)種(zhong)基礎(chu)性研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)以及重點育(yu)種(zhong)項(xiang)目(mu)給予長(chang)期穩定(ding)支持。加快(kuai)(kuai)實(shi)施(shi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生物育(yu)種(zhong)重大(da)科技(ji)項(xiang)目(mu)。深入(ru)實(shi)施(shi)農(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物和畜(chu)禽(qin)良(liang)種(zhong)聯合攻(gong)關。實(shi)施(shi)新一(yi)輪(lun)畜(chu)禽(qin)遺(yi)傳改良(liang)計劃(hua)和現代種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)升工程。尊(zun)重科學、嚴格監管，有序(xu)推進(jin)生物育(yu)種(zhong)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)化應用。加強(qiang)(qiang)育(yu)種(zhong)領域知識(shi)產權保護。支持種(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)龍(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)化育(yu)種(zhong)體(ti)系，加快(kuai)(kuai)建(jian)設南繁(fan)硅谷，加強(qiang)(qiang)制種(zhong)基地和良(liang)種(zhong)繁(fan)育(yu)體(ti)系建(jian)設，研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)重大(da)品(pin)種(zhong)研(yan)發與推廣后(hou)補助政策，促進(jin)育(yu)繁(fan)推一(yi)體(ti)化發展。

      ● 堅決守住(zhu)18億畝耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)紅線。統(tong)籌布局生(sheng)態、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)、城鎮等(deng)功能空間，科學劃(hua)定各類(lei)空間管(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)邊界，嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)實行土地(di)(di)(di)用途管(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。采取“長牙齒”的(de)措施，落(luo)實最嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)的(de)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。嚴(yan)(yan)禁違規(gui)(gui)(gui)占(zhan)用耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)和違背自然(ran)規(gui)(gui)(gui)律綠(lv)化(hua)造林(lin)、挖(wa)湖(hu)造景(jing)，嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)農(nong)(nong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)占(zhan)用耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)，深入推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)村亂占(zhan)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)房(fang)專(zhuan)項整治行動，堅決遏制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)“非(fei)農(nong)(nong)化(hua)”、防(fang)止“非(fei)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)化(hua)”。明(ming)(ming)確(que)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)利(li)用優先序，永久(jiu)基本(ben)(ben)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)重點用于糧(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)特別是口糧(liang)(liang)(liang)生(sheng)產，一般耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)主要用于糧(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)和棉、油(you)、糖、蔬菜等(deng)農(nong)(nong)產品及(ji)飼草飼料生(sheng)產。明(ming)(ming)確(que)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)和永久(jiu)基本(ben)(ben)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)標和管(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)強(qiang)度，嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)轉為林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)、園地(di)(di)(di)等(deng)其他類(lei)型農(nong)(nong)用地(di)(di)(di)，強(qiang)化(hua)土地(di)(di)(di)流(liu)轉用途監管(guan)(guan)，確(que)保(bao)(bao)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)數量(liang)(liang)不(bu)減少、質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)有(you)提高。實施新一輪高標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)，提高建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)標準(zhun)(zhun)和質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，健(jian)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)護機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，多渠(qu)道籌集建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)資金，中(zhong)央(yang)和地(di)(di)(di)方共(gong)同(tong)(tong)加(jia)大糧(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)主產區高標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)投(tou)入，2021年建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)1億畝旱澇保(bao)(bao)收、高產穩產高標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)。在高標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)中(zhong)增(zeng)加(jia)的(de)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)作為占(zhan)補(bu)平衡補(bu)充耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)指標在省(sheng)域內調(diao)劑，所(suo)得(de)收益用于高標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)。加(jia)強(qiang)和改進(jin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)占(zhan)用耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)補(bu)平衡管(guan)(guan)理，嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)新增(zeng)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)核(he)實認(ren)定和監管(guan)(guan)。健(jian)全(quan)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)數量(liang)(liang)和質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監測監管(guan)(guan)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，加(jia)強(qiang)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護督察(cha)和執(zhi)法(fa)監督，開(kai)展“十三五(wu)”時期省(sheng)級政府耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護責任目(mu)標考(kao)核(he)。

      2022

      《中共中央 國務院關于做好2022年全面推進鄉村振興重點工作的意見》

      加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)進農業(ye)種(zhong)質(zhi)資源普(pu)查收集，強化精(jing)準鑒(jian)定評價。推(tui)進種(zhong)業(ye)領域國家重大創新平臺建設。啟動農業(ye)生物(wu)育種(zhong)重大項目(mu)。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)實施(shi)農業(ye)關鍵核心技(ji)(ji)術攻關工程，實行(xing)(xing)“揭榜(bang)掛(gua)帥”、“部省(sheng)聯動”等(deng)制度，開展長周期(qi)研發項目(mu)試點。強化現代農業(ye)產(chan)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)術體系建設。開展重大品種(zhong)研發與(yu)推(tui)廣后補(bu)助(zhu)試點。貫(guan)徹(che)落實種(zhong)子法，實行(xing)(xing)實質(zhi)性派(pai)生品種(zhong)制度，強化種(zhong)業(ye)知識產(chan)權(quan)(quan)保護(hu)，依法嚴厲打擊套(tao)牌侵權(quan)(quan)等(deng)違法犯罪行(xing)(xing)為。

      2023

      《中共中央 國務院關于做好2023年全面推進鄉村振興重點工作的意見》

      深入(ru)實施種(zhong)業(ye)振興行動。完成全(quan)國農業(ye)種(zhong)質資(zi)源普查。構建開放(fang)協(xie)作(zuo)、共享應用的種(zhong)質資(zi)源精準鑒定評價機制。全(quan)面實施生(sheng)物育種(zhong)重大項目，扎實推進國家育種(zhong)聯合攻關和畜禽遺(yi)傳改良(liang)計劃，加(jia)快(kuai)培(pei)育高產(chan)高油大豆、短(duan)生(sheng)育期油菜、耐鹽(yan)堿作(zuo)物等新品種(zhong)。加(jia)快(kuai)玉米大豆生(sheng)物育種(zhong)產(chan)業(ye)化步(bu)伐，有(you)序擴大試點范圍，規范種(zhong)植管理。

      2024

      《中共中央 國務院關于學習運用“千村示范、萬村整治”工程經驗有力有效推進鄉村全面振興的意見》

      加(jia)快(kuai)推進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業振(zhen)興(xing)行動，完善聯合研發(fa)和應用(yong)協(xie)作機制，加(jia)大種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源關鍵核心技術攻關，加(jia)快(kuai)選育推廣(guang)生(sheng)產(chan)急(ji)(ji)需的自主優(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。開展重(zhong)大品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)研發(fa)推廣(guang)應用(yong)一體化試點(dian)。推動生(sheng)物(wu)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)業化擴(kuo)面提(ti)速。大力(li)實(shi)施農(nong)(nong)機裝備補短板(ban)行動，完善農(nong)(nong)機購置(zhi)與應用(yong)補貼政(zheng)策(ce)，開辟急(ji)(ji)需適用(yong)農(nong)(nong)機鑒定“綠色(se)通道”。加(jia)強基層(ceng)農(nong)(nong)技推廣(guang)體系條(tiao)件建設，強化公益性服務功能。

      來源 | 新華社(she) 農(nong)財(cai)君綜(zong)合整理

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