十四屆全國人大常委會第七次會議26日下午在北京人民大會堂舉行第二次全體會議。趙樂際委員長出席會議并作全國人大常委會執法檢查組關于檢查種子法實施情況的報告。

圖片來源：新華社記(ji)者(zhe) 劉衛(wei)兵 攝(she)

      種(zhong)子(zi)是農業(ye)現代化的(de)基(ji)(ji)礎，良(liang)種(zhong)是保(bao)障國(guo)家(jia)糧食安全的(de)源頭。全國(guo)人大常委會今年(nian)對種(zhong)子(zi)法貫徹實(shi)施(shi)情況開(kai)展(zhan)了執法檢查，目(mu)的(de)是運用法治(zhi)(zhi)方式推(tui)動種(zhong)業(ye)發展(zhan)，提高依法治(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)、依法興(xing)種(zhong)水(shui)平(ping)，夯實(shi)種(zhong)業(ye)振興(xing)、農業(ye)強國(guo)建設的(de)法治(zhi)(zhi)基(ji)(ji)礎。

      從檢查情況看，自2016年(nian)修訂(ding)后的種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)法實(shi)施以來，國務院及有關部門、地方(fang)各級政(zheng)府(fu)和人(ren)民法院、人(ren)民檢察院全面落實(shi)黨中央決策部署和習近平(ping)總書記(ji)重要指示精神(shen)，認真(zhen)貫徹實(shi)施種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)法，扎實(shi)推進種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振興行動(dong)，推動(dong)現代種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)發展(zhan)取得積極成效：

      全面加強農林種(zhong)質(zhi)資源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)。國(guo)務院有關部門和(he)(he)地方各(ge)級政府(fu)不(bu)斷加大種(zhong)質(zhi)資源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)力度，夯實現代(dai)種(zhong)業發展基礎。目前，我國(guo)已構(gou)建起以(yi)國(guo)家種(zhong)質(zhi)資源(yuan)長期(qi)(qi)庫(ku)及其復份(fen)庫(ku)為(wei)核心、70個中期(qi)(qi)庫(ku)（圃）和(he)(he)214個原生(sheng)境保(bao)護(hu)區為(wei)骨干、省(sheng)級資源(yuan)庫(ku)（圃）為(wei)補充的農作物種(zhong)質(zhi)資源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)體(ti)系，國(guo)家種(zhong)質(zhi)資源(yuan)長期(qi)(qi)庫(ku)保(bao)存能力達到150萬(wan)份(fen)。

      聚力推進種業科技創新攻關。不斷完善種業科研體系，增強育種創新能力，加強良種選育攻關。國務院有關部門先后實施七大作物育種研發、四大糧食作物和特色作物育種聯合攻關、種源關鍵核心技術攻關、生物育種、林木種質資源培育與質量提升等重大項目，選育推廣了高產優質水稻、節水抗病小麥、宜機收玉米等一批優良品種。

      著力健全完善品(pin)種(zhong)管理制度(du)。目(mu)前，我國農業植物(wu)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)保(bao)護范圍由2015年(nian)的93個(ge)(ge)屬(shu)種(zhong)擴展到191個(ge)(ge)，新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)權(quan)年(nian)申請量(liang)連續6年(nian)居世界第一。

      此外，良種供應保障能(neng)力(li)穩步(bu)增強，種子監管(guan)執法力(li)度不斷加大。

      報告指(zhi)出，我(wo)國(guo)種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)總體上是(shi)安全的，種子(zi)(zi)(zi)法(fa)的貫徹實施有力(li)(li)(li)促(cu)進(jin)了(le)種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振興，為保障糧食(shi)和重(zhong)要農(nong)產品穩定安全供給、推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)建設(she)奠定了(le)堅實基礎(chu)，同時(shi)也要清醒認識到(dao)，對照(zhao)種子(zi)(zi)(zi)法(fa)的規定，對標實現種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科技自(zi)(zi)(zi)立自(zi)(zi)(zi)強(qiang)(qiang)、種源自(zi)(zi)(zi)主可控的目標，全面(mian)貫徹實施種子(zi)(zi)(zi)法(fa)、推(tui)動種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高質量發展還(huan)存在一些短板和弱項：種質資源鑒定利用(yong)相(xiang)對滯(zhi)后(hou)；育種創新能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)還(huan)需不斷加強(qiang)(qiang)；種子(zi)(zi)(zi)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)小弱散問題較(jiao)為突出；種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識產權保護(hu)力(li)(li)(li)度(du)還(huan)有待加強(qiang)(qiang)；種子(zi)(zi)(zi)質量監管仍需持續強(qiang)(qiang)化；種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)支撐保障體系還(huan)需完善。

      對此(ci)，報告提(ti)出了進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)貫(guan)(guan)徹實(shi)(shi)施(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)意見建(jian)議，包括(kuo)：進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)加(jia)(jia)強種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)利(li)用(yong)，統籌推進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資源(yuan)收(shou)集保(bao)(bao)存和(he)鑒(jian)定利(li)用(yong)，推動(dong)建(jian)立“保(bao)(bao)用(yong)結合、以用(yong)促保(bao)(bao)”機制(zhi)，夯實(shi)(shi)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基礎；進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)推動(dong)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)攻關，堅(jian)持(chi)將增強育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)力作(zuo)為(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振興的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)抓(zhua)手，依法(fa)(fa)支持(chi)和(he)推動(dong)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，提(ti)升育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)體(ti)系整(zheng)體(ti)效(xiao)能(neng)；進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)培育壯(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)優勢種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)企(qi)業(ye)，支持(chi)育繁推一體(ti)化企(qi)業(ye)發(fa)展，培育壯(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)具有(you)自(zi)主研發(fa)能(neng)力的(de)(de)領軍型(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)企(qi)業(ye)，增強產業(ye)集中度(du)和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)競爭力；進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)加(jia)(jia)大(da)知識產權保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)力度(du)，貫(guan)(guan)徹實(shi)(shi)施(shi)植物(wu)新(xin)(xin)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)制(zhi)度(du)，持(chi)續加(jia)(jia)大(da)對育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)始創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)力度(du)，依法(fa)(fa)維護(hu)(hu)(hu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權人(ren)合法(fa)(fa)權益；進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)強化種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量監管(guan)執法(fa)(fa)，嚴(yan)格落(luo)實(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量監管(guan)責任，依法(fa)(fa)嚴(yan)厲打擊制(zhi)售(shou)假劣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)、套牌(pai)侵(qin)權等違法(fa)(fa)行為(wei)，確保(bao)(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量安全和(he)農民用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)安全；進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)扶(fu)持(chi)政策措(cuo)施(shi)，推動(dong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)扶(fu)持(chi)措(cuo)施(shi)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)落(luo)細落(luo)到位，加(jia)(jia)強引導、創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)舉措(cuo)，構建(jian)有(you)利(li)于現代種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量發(fa)展的(de)(de)支持(chi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)體(ti)系；進一步(bu)(bu)(bu)健全完善(shan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)體(ti)系，加(jia)(jia)快完善(shan)以種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)法(fa)(fa)為(wei)核心的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)體(ti)系，補(bu)齊(qi)制(zhi)度(du)規(gui)范漏項，為(wei)推動(dong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振興提(ti)供(gong)更加(jia)(jia)完備的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。